{
 "metadata": {
  "purpose": "Rule-based peer sets for Willington, derived from published state data by a stated formula rather than selected by hand.",
  "built_by": "Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "recipe": "python Data/fetch_ct_ucoa.py && python Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "input_file": "src/data/ct_ucoa_town_indicators.json",
  "source": "CT Office of Policy and Management — Municipal Fiscal Indicators (Uniform Chart of Accounts program)",
  "dataset_id": "ej6f-y2wf",
  "source_url": "https://data.ct.gov/resource/ej6f-y2wf.json",
  "pulled": "2026-08-25",
  "dataset_last_updated": "2026-03-03",
  "match_year": "FY 22-23 (OPM fiscal_year_end 2023)",
  "rule": "Standardize each variable across all towns (log-transforming the skewed size and wealth variables), then rank towns by Euclidean distance to Willington in that standardized space. Variables are equally weighted. Nearest 12 are the peer set.",
  "why_logs": "Population, enrollment, and grand list per resident are heavily right-skewed. On raw values a few outlier towns dominate the variance and flatten real differences among mid-sized towns; on logs, the unit of distance becomes 'twice as big', which is the comparison that makes sense here.",
  "weighting_note": "Equal weights are a stated choice, not a fact. They were not tuned to produce a particular list.",
  "wealth_proxy_note": "Equalized net grand list per resident stands in for community wealth: it is the tax base per person restated to full market value, and it is the quantity that constrains what a mill rate can raise. Median household income would be a useful additional variable but the Census ACS API now requires a key.",
  "relationship_to_existing_sets": "Additional, not a replacement. The hand-built sets (Surrounding towns, DRG E) remain in use everywhere they already appear. Where this set and those sets disagree, the disagreement is itself worth showing.",
  "drg_note": "CT SDE District Reference Groups were created in 1996, last reassigned in 2006 on roughly 2000-census inputs, and have not been updated since. They were designed to compare school districts on family demographics — appropriate for education questions, not for municipal operations, and blind to town size.",
  "excluded": [
   "Groton (city)"
  ],
  "dropped_for_missing_data": [],
  "town_count_ranked": 169
 },
 "target": "Willington",
 "variable_stats": {
  "population": {
   "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 9.392518,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.111223,
   "target_raw": 5552
  },
  "enrollment": {
   "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 7.309335,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.228189,
   "target_raw": 589.75
  },
  "grand_list_per_capita": {
   "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 12.211418,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.467644,
   "target_raw": 153392.919669
  },
  "school_age_share": {
   "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.127697,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.027724,
   "target_raw": 0.106223
  },
  "unemployment": {
   "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.030079,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.00449,
   "target_raw": 0.031
  }
 },
 "peer_sets": {
  "municipal": {
   "label": "Municipal peers",
   "purpose": "Town-side spending, debt, reserves, and tax comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "population",
     "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    },
    {
     "key": "unemployment",
     "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "Beacon Falls",
    "Canterbury",
    "Middlefield",
    "Thompson",
    "Andover",
    "East Haddam",
    "Columbia",
    "Lebanon",
    "East Windsor",
    "Ashford",
    "Thomaston",
    "Killingworth"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "Beacon Falls",
     "distance": 0.4334
    },
    {
     "town": "Canterbury",
     "distance": 0.5155
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlefield",
     "distance": 0.5501
    },
    {
     "town": "Thompson",
     "distance": 0.5528
    },
    {
     "town": "Andover",
     "distance": 0.6934
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haddam",
     "distance": 0.6951
    },
    {
     "town": "Columbia",
     "distance": 0.704
    },
    {
     "town": "Lebanon",
     "distance": 0.7542
    },
    {
     "town": "East Windsor",
     "distance": 0.7737
    },
    {
     "town": "Ashford",
     "distance": 0.8922
    },
    {
     "town": "Thomaston",
     "distance": 0.9013
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingworth",
     "distance": 0.9261
    },
    {
     "town": "Somers",
     "distance": 0.9579
    },
    {
     "town": "Putnam",
     "distance": 1.0115
    },
    {
     "town": "Portland",
     "distance": 1.0174
    },
    {
     "town": "North Branford",
     "distance": 1.0254
    },
    {
     "town": "Voluntown",
     "distance": 1.0512
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbury",
     "distance": 1.0832
    },
    {
     "town": "Chester",
     "distance": 1.0853
    },
    {
     "town": "North Canaan",
     "distance": 1.1026
    },
    {
     "town": "Stafford",
     "distance": 1.1061
    },
    {
     "town": "Salem",
     "distance": 1.1101
    },
    {
     "town": "Chaplin",
     "distance": 1.122
    },
    {
     "town": "Sprague",
     "distance": 1.1515
    },
    {
     "town": "Coventry",
     "distance": 1.1821
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 1.2323
    },
    {
     "town": "Pomfret",
     "distance": 1.2498
    },
    {
     "town": "Prospect",
     "distance": 1.2836
    },
    {
     "town": "Deep River",
     "distance": 1.2916
    },
    {
     "town": "Barkhamsted",
     "distance": 1.2946
    },
    {
     "town": "Litchfield",
     "distance": 1.2978
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethlehem",
     "distance": 1.3708
    },
    {
     "town": "Montville",
     "distance": 1.3777
    },
    {
     "town": "Watertown",
     "distance": 1.3785
    },
    {
     "town": "Preston",
     "distance": 1.384
    },
    {
     "town": "Winchester",
     "distance": 1.3874
    },
    {
     "town": "Eastford",
     "distance": 1.3963
    },
    {
     "town": "Bloomfield",
     "distance": 1.4006
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainville",
     "distance": 1.4183
    },
    {
     "town": "Scotland",
     "distance": 1.4234
    },
    {
     "town": "New Hartford",
     "distance": 1.4261
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainfield",
     "distance": 1.4519
    },
    {
     "town": "Brooklyn",
     "distance": 1.4841
    },
    {
     "town": "Suffield",
     "distance": 1.4894
    },
    {
     "town": "Haddam",
     "distance": 1.505
    },
    {
     "town": "Harwinton",
     "distance": 1.5099
    },
    {
     "town": "Griswold",
     "distance": 1.5103
    },
    {
     "town": "Seymour",
     "distance": 1.5197
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartland",
     "distance": 1.5202
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodstock",
     "distance": 1.5277
    },
    {
     "town": "Southbury",
     "distance": 1.5475
    },
    {
     "town": "Franklin",
     "distance": 1.5564
    },
    {
     "town": "Hebron",
     "distance": 1.5793
    },
    {
     "town": "Lisbon",
     "distance": 1.6001
    },
    {
     "town": "Cromwell",
     "distance": 1.6073
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hampton",
     "distance": 1.6107
    },
    {
     "town": "Wolcott",
     "distance": 1.6206
    },
    {
     "town": "Colchester",
     "distance": 1.6504
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haven",
     "distance": 1.6598
    },
    {
     "town": "Westbrook",
     "distance": 1.6648
    },
    {
     "town": "Bolton",
     "distance": 1.6847
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingly",
     "distance": 1.7248
    },
    {
     "town": "Plymouth",
     "distance": 1.7281
    },
    {
     "town": "Berlin",
     "distance": 1.7396
    },
    {
     "town": "Marlborough",
     "distance": 1.7416
    },
    {
     "town": "Oxford",
     "distance": 1.7452
    },
    {
     "town": "Vernon",
     "distance": 1.7513
    },
    {
     "town": "Clinton",
     "distance": 1.7586
    },
    {
     "town": "Hampton",
     "distance": 1.7643
    },
    {
     "town": "North Stonington",
     "distance": 1.7765
    },
    {
     "town": "Rocky Hill",
     "distance": 1.7846
    },
    {
     "town": "Canton",
     "distance": 1.7877
    },
    {
     "town": "Bozrah",
     "distance": 1.7953
    },
    {
     "town": "East Lyme",
     "distance": 1.8
    },
    {
     "town": "Colebrook",
     "distance": 1.8279
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlebury",
     "distance": 1.8543
    },
    {
     "town": "New Milford",
     "distance": 1.8629
    },
    {
     "town": "Morris",
     "distance": 1.8705
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor",
     "distance": 1.8877
    },
    {
     "town": "Groton",
     "distance": 1.9017
    },
    {
     "town": "Newington",
     "distance": 1.9373
    },
    {
     "town": "Torrington",
     "distance": 1.9423
    },
    {
     "town": "Enfield",
     "distance": 1.9532
    },
    {
     "town": "Granby",
     "distance": 1.9553
    },
    {
     "town": "Branford",
     "distance": 1.9592
    },
    {
     "town": "North Haven",
     "distance": 1.9637
    },
    {
     "town": "Ellington",
     "distance": 1.9661
    },
    {
     "town": "Burlington",
     "distance": 1.9707
    },
    {
     "town": "Middletown",
     "distance": 1.992
    },
    {
     "town": "Stonington",
     "distance": 1.9949
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterford",
     "distance": 2.0116
    },
    {
     "town": "New London",
     "distance": 2.0239
    },
    {
     "town": "Wethersfield",
     "distance": 2.0383
    },
    {
     "town": "Shelton",
     "distance": 2.0401
    },
    {
     "town": "Brookfield",
     "distance": 2.0513
    },
    {
     "town": "Redding",
     "distance": 2.0522
    },
    {
     "town": "Durham",
     "distance": 2.0573
    },
    {
     "town": "Wallingford",
     "distance": 2.0952
    },
    {
     "town": "Union",
     "distance": 2.1006
    },
    {
     "town": "Derby",
     "distance": 2.1242
    },
    {
     "town": "Ledyard",
     "distance": 2.1291
    },
    {
     "town": "Hamden",
     "distance": 2.1646
    },
    {
     "town": "Sherman",
     "distance": 2.172
    },
    {
     "town": "Cheshire",
     "distance": 2.2025
    },
    {
     "town": "New Fairfield",
     "distance": 2.2261
    },
    {
     "town": "Milford",
     "distance": 2.2303
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethany",
     "distance": 2.2366
    },
    {
     "town": "Essex",
     "distance": 2.2934
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethel",
     "distance": 2.2976
    },
    {
     "town": "Newtown",
     "distance": 2.3117
    },
    {
     "town": "Manchester",
     "distance": 2.3425
    },
    {
     "town": "Ansonia",
     "distance": 2.362
    },
    {
     "town": "Southington",
     "distance": 2.3636
    },
    {
     "town": "Canaan",
     "distance": 2.3664
    },
    {
     "town": "Naugatuck",
     "distance": 2.3859
    },
    {
     "town": "Guilford",
     "distance": 2.4074
    },
    {
     "town": "Norfolk",
     "distance": 2.4152
    },
    {
     "town": "Tolland",
     "distance": 2.4477
    },
    {
     "town": "East Granby",
     "distance": 2.4507
    },
    {
     "town": "Goshen",
     "distance": 2.4648
    },
    {
     "town": "West Haven",
     "distance": 2.4931
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Saybrook",
     "distance": 2.5299
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwich",
     "distance": 2.5337
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Lyme",
     "distance": 2.5366
    },
    {
     "town": "Mansfield",
     "distance": 2.5496
    },
    {
     "town": "Bristol",
     "distance": 2.5533
    },
    {
     "town": "Madison",
     "distance": 2.5768
    },
    {
     "town": "Stratford",
     "distance": 2.5967
    },
    {
     "town": "Kent",
     "distance": 2.6621
    },
    {
     "town": "Easton",
     "distance": 2.6822
    },
    {
     "town": "Lyme",
     "distance": 2.7117
    },
    {
     "town": "Simsbury",
     "distance": 2.7477
    },
    {
     "town": "Sterling",
     "distance": 2.7497
    },
    {
     "town": "Avon",
     "distance": 2.7537
    },
    {
     "town": "Farmington",
     "distance": 2.8095
    },
    {
     "town": "Orange",
     "distance": 2.8106
    },
    {
     "town": "Danbury",
     "distance": 2.8258
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbridge",
     "distance": 2.9593
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwalk",
     "distance": 2.962
    },
    {
     "town": "West Hartford",
     "distance": 2.9646
    },
    {
     "town": "Monroe",
     "distance": 3.0524
    },
    {
     "town": "Fairfield",
     "distance": 3.1177
    },
    {
     "town": "Warren",
     "distance": 3.1253
    },
    {
     "town": "Glastonbury",
     "distance": 3.1314
    },
    {
     "town": "New Haven",
     "distance": 3.1837
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgewater",
     "distance": 3.2016
    },
    {
     "town": "Meriden",
     "distance": 3.217
    },
    {
     "town": "Windham",
     "distance": 3.2639
    },
    {
     "town": "Trumbull",
     "distance": 3.2737
    },
    {
     "town": "Stamford",
     "distance": 3.2898
    },
    {
     "town": "Cornwall",
     "distance": 3.3049
    },
    {
     "town": "Salisbury",
     "distance": 3.3093
    },
    {
     "town": "South Windsor",
     "distance": 3.436
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hartford",
     "distance": 3.4501
    },
    {
     "town": "Ridgefield",
     "distance": 3.6485
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgeport",
     "distance": 3.8027
    },
    {
     "town": "Washington",
     "distance": 3.859
    },
    {
     "town": "Roxbury",
     "distance": 3.9453
    },
    {
     "town": "New Britain",
     "distance": 3.9722
    },
    {
     "town": "Sharon",
     "distance": 4.1814
    },
    {
     "town": "Greenwich",
     "distance": 4.3418
    },
    {
     "town": "Wilton",
     "distance": 4.4436
    },
    {
     "town": "Weston",
     "distance": 4.4602
    },
    {
     "town": "New Canaan",
     "distance": 4.8597
    },
    {
     "town": "Westport",
     "distance": 4.9171
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartford",
     "distance": 5.1496
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterbury",
     "distance": 5.2428
    },
    {
     "town": "Darien",
     "distance": 5.2988
    }
   ]
  },
  "school": {
   "label": "School peers",
   "purpose": "Education spending comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "enrollment",
     "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "Middlefield",
    "Beacon Falls",
    "Thompson",
    "Winchester",
    "Killingworth",
    "Canterbury",
    "Andover",
    "Columbia",
    "North Canaan",
    "Sterling",
    "Ashford",
    "East Windsor"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "Middlefield",
     "distance": 0.4033
    },
    {
     "town": "Beacon Falls",
     "distance": 0.4035
    },
    {
     "town": "Thompson",
     "distance": 0.4524
    },
    {
     "town": "Winchester",
     "distance": 0.4981
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingworth",
     "distance": 0.5075
    },
    {
     "town": "Canterbury",
     "distance": 0.5118
    },
    {
     "town": "Andover",
     "distance": 0.5321
    },
    {
     "town": "Columbia",
     "distance": 0.547
    },
    {
     "town": "North Canaan",
     "distance": 0.5614
    },
    {
     "town": "Sterling",
     "distance": 0.5769
    },
    {
     "town": "Ashford",
     "distance": 0.6276
    },
    {
     "town": "East Windsor",
     "distance": 0.6649
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haddam",
     "distance": 0.6705
    },
    {
     "town": "Putnam",
     "distance": 0.7348
    },
    {
     "town": "Barkhamsted",
     "distance": 0.767
    },
    {
     "town": "Voluntown",
     "distance": 0.7708
    },
    {
     "town": "Deep River",
     "distance": 0.7783
    },
    {
     "town": "Lebanon",
     "distance": 0.784
    },
    {
     "town": "Thomaston",
     "distance": 0.8212
    },
    {
     "town": "Durham",
     "distance": 0.8408
    },
    {
     "town": "Sprague",
     "distance": 0.8546
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbury",
     "distance": 0.9014
    },
    {
     "town": "Pomfret",
     "distance": 0.9132
    },
    {
     "town": "Chester",
     "distance": 0.9186
    },
    {
     "town": "Derby",
     "distance": 0.9257
    },
    {
     "town": "New Hartford",
     "distance": 0.926
    },
    {
     "town": "Somers",
     "distance": 0.9394
    },
    {
     "town": "Bozrah",
     "distance": 0.9482
    },
    {
     "town": "Stafford",
     "distance": 0.9533
    },
    {
     "town": "Chaplin",
     "distance": 0.9594
    },
    {
     "town": "North Branford",
     "distance": 0.9765
    },
    {
     "town": "Salem",
     "distance": 1.0012
    },
    {
     "town": "Preston",
     "distance": 1.0346
    },
    {
     "town": "Scotland",
     "distance": 1.0464
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethlehem",
     "distance": 1.0483
    },
    {
     "town": "Lisbon",
     "distance": 1.0768
    },
    {
     "town": "Portland",
     "distance": 1.077
    },
    {
     "town": "Harwinton",
     "distance": 1.0808
    },
    {
     "town": "Haddam",
     "distance": 1.107
    },
    {
     "town": "Eastford",
     "distance": 1.1076
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartland",
     "distance": 1.1157
    },
    {
     "town": "Plymouth",
     "distance": 1.1489
    },
    {
     "town": "Litchfield",
     "distance": 1.1556
    },
    {
     "town": "Clinton",
     "distance": 1.2174
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingly",
     "distance": 1.2298
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 1.2299
    },
    {
     "town": "Bloomfield",
     "distance": 1.2378
    },
    {
     "town": "Coventry",
     "distance": 1.2504
    },
    {
     "town": "Montville",
     "distance": 1.275
    },
    {
     "town": "Suffield",
     "distance": 1.2985
    },
    {
     "town": "Hebron",
     "distance": 1.3277
    },
    {
     "town": "Prospect",
     "distance": 1.3387
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainfield",
     "distance": 1.364
    },
    {
     "town": "Watertown",
     "distance": 1.3656
    },
    {
     "town": "Seymour",
     "distance": 1.3842
    },
    {
     "town": "Franklin",
     "distance": 1.386
    },
    {
     "town": "Southbury",
     "distance": 1.4232
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haven",
     "distance": 1.4262
    },
    {
     "town": "Brooklyn",
     "distance": 1.4643
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainville",
     "distance": 1.469
    },
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    {
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   ]
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 },
 "target_statewide_percentiles": {
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   "percentile": 65.7,
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  }
 }
}