{
 "metadata": {
  "purpose": "Rule-based peer sets for Washington, derived from published state data by a stated formula rather than selected by hand.",
  "built_by": "Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "recipe": "python Data/fetch_ct_ucoa.py && python Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "input_file": "src/data/ct_ucoa_town_indicators.json",
  "source": "CT Office of Policy and Management — Municipal Fiscal Indicators (Uniform Chart of Accounts program)",
  "dataset_id": "ej6f-y2wf",
  "source_url": "https://data.ct.gov/resource/ej6f-y2wf.json",
  "pulled": "2026-08-25",
  "dataset_last_updated": "2026-03-03",
  "match_year": "FY 22-23 (OPM fiscal_year_end 2023)",
  "rule": "Standardize each variable across all towns (log-transforming the skewed size and wealth variables), then rank towns by Euclidean distance to Washington in that standardized space. Variables are equally weighted. Nearest 12 are the peer set.",
  "why_logs": "Population, enrollment, and grand list per resident are heavily right-skewed. On raw values a few outlier towns dominate the variance and flatten real differences among mid-sized towns; on logs, the unit of distance becomes 'twice as big', which is the comparison that makes sense here.",
  "weighting_note": "Equal weights are a stated choice, not a fact. They were not tuned to produce a particular list.",
  "wealth_proxy_note": "Equalized net grand list per resident stands in for community wealth: it is the tax base per person restated to full market value, and it is the quantity that constrains what a mill rate can raise. Median household income would be a useful additional variable but the Census ACS API now requires a key.",
  "relationship_to_existing_sets": "Additional, not a replacement. The hand-built sets (Surrounding towns, DRG C) remain in use everywhere they already appear. Where this set and those sets disagree, the disagreement is itself worth showing.",
  "drg_note": "CT SDE District Reference Groups were created in 1996, last reassigned in 2006 on roughly 2000-census inputs, and have not been updated since. They were designed to compare school districts on family demographics — appropriate for education questions, not for municipal operations, and blind to town size.",
  "excluded": [
   "Groton (city)"
  ],
  "dropped_for_missing_data": [],
  "town_count_ranked": 169
 },
 "target": "Washington",
 "variable_stats": {
  "population": {
   "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 9.392518,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.111223,
   "target_raw": 3685
  },
  "enrollment": {
   "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 7.309335,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.228189,
   "target_raw": 266.8
  },
  "grand_list_per_capita": {
   "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 12.211418,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.467644,
   "target_raw": 677678.199729
  },
  "school_age_share": {
   "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.127697,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.027724,
   "target_raw": 0.072402
  },
  "unemployment": {
   "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.030079,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.00449,
   "target_raw": 0.023
  }
 },
 "peer_sets": {
  "municipal": {
   "label": "Municipal peers",
   "purpose": "Town-side spending, debt, reserves, and tax comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "population",
     "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    },
    {
     "key": "unemployment",
     "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "Salisbury",
    "Roxbury",
    "Bridgewater",
    "Sharon",
    "Cornwall",
    "Lyme",
    "Kent",
    "Goshen",
    "Essex",
    "Warren",
    "Old Saybrook",
    "Norfolk"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "Salisbury",
     "distance": 0.7223
    },
    {
     "town": "Roxbury",
     "distance": 0.7805
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgewater",
     "distance": 1.1393
    },
    {
     "town": "Sharon",
     "distance": 1.2121
    },
    {
     "town": "Cornwall",
     "distance": 1.242
    },
    {
     "town": "Lyme",
     "distance": 1.4318
    },
    {
     "town": "Kent",
     "distance": 1.5446
    },
    {
     "town": "Goshen",
     "distance": 1.6554
    },
    {
     "town": "Essex",
     "distance": 1.7063
    },
    {
     "town": "Warren",
     "distance": 1.8074
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Saybrook",
     "distance": 1.8273
    },
    {
     "town": "Norfolk",
     "distance": 1.8702
    },
    {
     "town": "Sherman",
     "distance": 1.8997
    },
    {
     "town": "Westbrook",
     "distance": 2.2651
    },
    {
     "town": "Morris",
     "distance": 2.2926
    },
    {
     "town": "Litchfield",
     "distance": 2.7029
    },
    {
     "town": "Stonington",
     "distance": 2.7386
    },
    {
     "town": "Deep River",
     "distance": 2.8563
    },
    {
     "town": "Chester",
     "distance": 2.8945
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Lyme",
     "distance": 2.8962
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartland",
     "distance": 2.9276
    },
    {
     "town": "Bozrah",
     "distance": 2.9366
    },
    {
     "town": "Clinton",
     "distance": 2.9432
    },
    {
     "town": "Union",
     "distance": 3.0163
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbury",
     "distance": 3.0464
    },
    {
     "town": "Branford",
     "distance": 3.1346
    },
    {
     "town": "Canaan",
     "distance": 3.152
    },
    {
     "town": "Redding",
     "distance": 3.2118
    },
    {
     "town": "Madison",
     "distance": 3.2488
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingworth",
     "distance": 3.2693
    },
    {
     "town": "Barkhamsted",
     "distance": 3.2711
    },
    {
     "town": "Hampton",
     "distance": 3.2931
    },
    {
     "town": "Franklin",
     "distance": 3.3333
    },
    {
     "town": "Eastford",
     "distance": 3.3358
    },
    {
     "town": "Durham",
     "distance": 3.3569
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterford",
     "distance": 3.3638
    },
    {
     "town": "Colebrook",
     "distance": 3.393
    },
    {
     "town": "Harwinton",
     "distance": 3.4122
    },
    {
     "town": "Haddam",
     "distance": 3.4276
    },
    {
     "town": "Southbury",
     "distance": 3.4324
    },
    {
     "town": "Greenwich",
     "distance": 3.4437
    },
    {
     "town": "Voluntown",
     "distance": 3.4536
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haddam",
     "distance": 3.4942
    },
    {
     "town": "New Hartford",
     "distance": 3.5261
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlefield",
     "distance": 3.543
    },
    {
     "town": "Oxford",
     "distance": 3.5577
    },
    {
     "town": "Pomfret",
     "distance": 3.56
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethlehem",
     "distance": 3.6447
    },
    {
     "town": "Guilford",
     "distance": 3.673
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethany",
     "distance": 3.6834
    },
    {
     "town": "East Windsor",
     "distance": 3.6847
    },
    {
     "town": "North Stonington",
     "distance": 3.7104
    },
    {
     "town": "East Lyme",
     "distance": 3.7122
    },
    {
     "town": "Lebanon",
     "distance": 3.7341
    },
    {
     "town": "North Haven",
     "distance": 3.7347
    },
    {
     "town": "Scotland",
     "distance": 3.7428
    },
    {
     "town": "North Branford",
     "distance": 3.7435
    },
    {
     "town": "Rocky Hill",
     "distance": 3.7571
    },
    {
     "town": "Chaplin",
     "distance": 3.7892
    },
    {
     "town": "Milford",
     "distance": 3.7924
    },
    {
     "town": "Suffield",
     "distance": 3.8001
    },
    {
     "town": "Orange",
     "distance": 3.8215
    },
    {
     "town": "Columbia",
     "distance": 3.8274
    },
    {
     "town": "Berlin",
     "distance": 3.8358
    },
    {
     "town": "Willington",
     "distance": 3.859
    },
    {
     "town": "Thompson",
     "distance": 3.8648
    },
    {
     "town": "Andover",
     "distance": 3.9695
    },
    {
     "town": "New Milford",
     "distance": 3.9743
    },
    {
     "town": "Canterbury",
     "distance": 3.9771
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 4.0057
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hampton",
     "distance": 4.0233
    },
    {
     "town": "Somers",
     "distance": 4.0239
    },
    {
     "town": "Farmington",
     "distance": 4.0274
    },
    {
     "town": "Beacon Falls",
     "distance": 4.0348
    },
    {
     "town": "Burlington",
     "distance": 4.0482
    },
    {
     "town": "Bloomfield",
     "distance": 4.0661
    },
    {
     "town": "Newtown",
     "distance": 4.0709
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlebury",
     "distance": 4.0713
    },
    {
     "town": "Groton",
     "distance": 4.0751
    },
    {
     "town": "Marlborough",
     "distance": 4.113
    },
    {
     "town": "Salem",
     "distance": 4.1246
    },
    {
     "town": "North Canaan",
     "distance": 4.1324
    },
    {
     "town": "Bolton",
     "distance": 4.1421
    },
    {
     "town": "Cromwell",
     "distance": 4.1429
    },
    {
     "town": "Wallingford",
     "distance": 4.1628
    },
    {
     "town": "Brookfield",
     "distance": 4.1758
    },
    {
     "town": "Stamford",
     "distance": 4.1769
    },
    {
     "town": "Newington",
     "distance": 4.1962
    },
    {
     "town": "Canton",
     "distance": 4.1978
    },
    {
     "town": "Granby",
     "distance": 4.2208
    },
    {
     "town": "Cheshire",
     "distance": 4.2238
    },
    {
     "town": "New Fairfield",
     "distance": 4.2252
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor",
     "distance": 4.2389
    },
    {
     "town": "Hebron",
     "distance": 4.2442
    },
    {
     "town": "Watertown",
     "distance": 4.2656
    },
    {
     "town": "Prospect",
     "distance": 4.2738
    },
    {
     "town": "Easton",
     "distance": 4.2756
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethel",
     "distance": 4.2925
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwalk",
     "distance": 4.298
    },
    {
     "town": "Coventry",
     "distance": 4.303
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbridge",
     "distance": 4.3159
    },
    {
     "town": "Avon",
     "distance": 4.3268
    },
    {
     "town": "Portland",
     "distance": 4.3658
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodstock",
     "distance": 4.3829
    },
    {
     "town": "Fairfield",
     "distance": 4.3977
    },
    {
     "town": "Montville",
     "distance": 4.3988
    },
    {
     "town": "Shelton",
     "distance": 4.3997
    },
    {
     "town": "Middletown",
     "distance": 4.4352
    },
    {
     "town": "Preston",
     "distance": 4.4399
    },
    {
     "town": "Glastonbury",
     "distance": 4.469
    },
    {
     "town": "Southington",
     "distance": 4.4857
    },
    {
     "town": "East Granby",
     "distance": 4.5089
    },
    {
     "town": "Wethersfield",
     "distance": 4.5133
    },
    {
     "town": "Putnam",
     "distance": 4.5394
    },
    {
     "town": "Colchester",
     "distance": 4.5777
    },
    {
     "town": "Tolland",
     "distance": 4.6086
    },
    {
     "town": "Ellington",
     "distance": 4.6413
    },
    {
     "town": "Ashford",
     "distance": 4.6419
    },
    {
     "town": "Thomaston",
     "distance": 4.644
    },
    {
     "town": "Stafford",
     "distance": 4.6546
    },
    {
     "town": "Simsbury",
     "distance": 4.6555
    },
    {
     "town": "West Hartford",
     "distance": 4.6658
    },
    {
     "town": "Ledyard",
     "distance": 4.6703
    },
    {
     "town": "Ridgefield",
     "distance": 4.6846
    },
    {
     "town": "Sprague",
     "distance": 4.6917
    },
    {
     "town": "Winchester",
     "distance": 4.7108
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainville",
     "distance": 4.712
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainfield",
     "distance": 4.8089
    },
    {
     "town": "Hamden",
     "distance": 4.8103
    },
    {
     "town": "Seymour",
     "distance": 4.8205
    },
    {
     "town": "Brooklyn",
     "distance": 4.8224
    },
    {
     "town": "Danbury",
     "distance": 4.8234
    },
    {
     "town": "Lisbon",
     "distance": 4.8634
    },
    {
     "town": "Enfield",
     "distance": 4.9275
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haven",
     "distance": 4.9365
    },
    {
     "town": "Westport",
     "distance": 4.937
    },
    {
     "town": "Wolcott",
     "distance": 4.9552
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingly",
     "distance": 4.9685
    },
    {
     "town": "Vernon",
     "distance": 4.9972
    },
    {
     "town": "Wilton",
     "distance": 5.056
    },
    {
     "town": "New Canaan",
     "distance": 5.0696
    },
    {
     "town": "Monroe",
     "distance": 5.1033
    },
    {
     "town": "Griswold",
     "distance": 5.1209
    },
    {
     "town": "Weston",
     "distance": 5.1451
    },
    {
     "town": "Torrington",
     "distance": 5.1988
    },
    {
     "town": "South Windsor",
     "distance": 5.2533
    },
    {
     "town": "Stratford",
     "distance": 5.264
    },
    {
     "town": "Manchester",
     "distance": 5.3281
    },
    {
     "town": "Darien",
     "distance": 5.3498
    },
    {
     "town": "New London",
     "distance": 5.3728
    },
    {
     "town": "Plymouth",
     "distance": 5.3775
    },
    {
     "town": "Mansfield",
     "distance": 5.4273
    },
    {
     "town": "Derby",
     "distance": 5.5083
    },
    {
     "town": "Bristol",
     "distance": 5.5202
    },
    {
     "town": "Trumbull",
     "distance": 5.5205
    },
    {
     "town": "Naugatuck",
     "distance": 5.6756
    },
    {
     "town": "West Haven",
     "distance": 5.7068
    },
    {
     "town": "Sterling",
     "distance": 5.7933
    },
    {
     "town": "Ansonia",
     "distance": 5.8097
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwich",
     "distance": 5.95
    },
    {
     "town": "New Haven",
     "distance": 6.0815
    },
    {
     "town": "Meriden",
     "distance": 6.5196
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hartford",
     "distance": 6.7518
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgeport",
     "distance": 6.7982
    },
    {
     "town": "Windham",
     "distance": 6.8067
    },
    {
     "town": "New Britain",
     "distance": 7.3308
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterbury",
     "distance": 8.388
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartford",
     "distance": 8.5531
    }
   ]
  },
  "school": {
   "label": "School peers",
   "purpose": "Education spending comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "enrollment",
     "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "Salisbury",
    "Roxbury",
    "Warren",
    "Bridgewater",
    "Cornwall",
    "Kent",
    "Sharon",
    "Lyme",
    "Norfolk",
    "Goshen",
    "Essex",
    "Sherman"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "Salisbury",
     "distance": 0.4301
    },
    {
     "town": "Roxbury",
     "distance": 0.5572
    },
    {
     "town": "Warren",
     "distance": 0.9587
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgewater",
     "distance": 1.0206
    },
    {
     "town": "Cornwall",
     "distance": 1.1671
    },
    {
     "town": "Kent",
     "distance": 1.2566
    },
    {
     "town": "Sharon",
     "distance": 1.2723
    },
    {
     "town": "Lyme",
     "distance": 1.2944
    },
    {
     "town": "Norfolk",
     "distance": 1.6237
    },
    {
     "town": "Goshen",
     "distance": 1.6474
    },
    {
     "town": "Essex",
     "distance": 1.6776
    },
    {
     "town": "Sherman",
     "distance": 1.7615
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Saybrook",
     "distance": 1.7652
    },
    {
     "town": "Morris",
     "distance": 1.8337
    },
    {
     "town": "Canaan",
     "distance": 1.8586
    },
    {
     "town": "Westbrook",
     "distance": 2.0137
    },
    {
     "town": "Stonington",
     "distance": 2.432
    },
    {
     "town": "Litchfield",
     "distance": 2.4569
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethlehem",
     "distance": 2.5126
    },
    {
     "town": "Union",
     "distance": 2.5458
    },
    {
     "town": "Colebrook",
     "distance": 2.5858
    },
    {
     "town": "Chester",
     "distance": 2.6434
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartland",
     "distance": 2.765
    },
    {
     "town": "Deep River",
     "distance": 2.7911
    },
    {
     "town": "Hampton",
     "distance": 2.8058
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbury",
     "distance": 2.8488
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Lyme",
     "distance": 2.8592
    },
    {
     "town": "Branford",
     "distance": 2.8815
    },
    {
     "town": "Bozrah",
     "distance": 2.895
    },
    {
     "town": "Franklin",
     "distance": 2.9435
    },
    {
     "town": "Redding",
     "distance": 2.945
    },
    {
     "town": "Clinton",
     "distance": 2.9993
    },
    {
     "town": "Eastford",
     "distance": 3.0592
    },
    {
     "town": "North Canaan",
     "distance": 3.1383
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haddam",
     "distance": 3.1583
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterford",
     "distance": 3.1707
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingworth",
     "distance": 3.1735
    },
    {
     "town": "Barkhamsted",
     "distance": 3.2037
    },
    {
     "town": "East Windsor",
     "distance": 3.2231
    },
    {
     "town": "Voluntown",
     "distance": 3.2246
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlefield",
     "distance": 3.2661
    },
    {
     "town": "Southbury",
     "distance": 3.3054
    },
    {
     "town": "Madison",
     "distance": 3.3764
    },
    {
     "town": "Lebanon",
     "distance": 3.3902
    },
    {
     "town": "Chaplin",
     "distance": 3.3992
    },
    {
     "town": "Thompson",
     "distance": 3.4061
    },
    {
     "town": "Harwinton",
     "distance": 3.4158
    },
    {
     "town": "Durham",
     "distance": 3.4433
    },
    {
     "town": "Haddam",
     "distance": 3.4634
    },
    {
     "town": "Willington",
     "distance": 3.4638
    },
    {
     "town": "Pomfret",
     "distance": 3.4774
    },
    {
     "town": "Bloomfield",
     "distance": 3.4901
    },
    {
     "town": "Greenwich",
     "distance": 3.5105
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 3.5286
    },
    {
     "town": "Oxford",
     "distance": 3.5412
    },
    {
     "town": "New Hartford",
     "distance": 3.5496
    },
    {
     "town": "North Branford",
     "distance": 3.5586
    },
    {
     "town": "Scotland",
     "distance": 3.5639
    },
    {
     "town": "North Stonington",
     "distance": 3.5823
    },
    {
     "town": "Preston",
     "distance": 3.5916
    },
    {
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     "town": "Cheshire",
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     "town": "Brooklyn",
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     "town": "East Haven",
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    {
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   ]
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 },
 "target_statewide_percentiles": {
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 }
}