{
 "metadata": {
  "purpose": "Rule-based peer sets for Ledyard, derived from published state data by a stated formula rather than selected by hand.",
  "built_by": "Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "recipe": "python Data/fetch_ct_ucoa.py && python Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "input_file": "src/data/ct_ucoa_town_indicators.json",
  "source": "CT Office of Policy and Management — Municipal Fiscal Indicators (Uniform Chart of Accounts program)",
  "dataset_id": "ej6f-y2wf",
  "source_url": "https://data.ct.gov/resource/ej6f-y2wf.json",
  "pulled": "2026-08-25",
  "dataset_last_updated": "2026-03-03",
  "match_year": "FY 22-23 (OPM fiscal_year_end 2023)",
  "rule": "Standardize each variable across all towns (log-transforming the skewed size and wealth variables), then rank towns by Euclidean distance to Ledyard in that standardized space. Variables are equally weighted. Nearest 12 are the peer set.",
  "why_logs": "Population, enrollment, and grand list per resident are heavily right-skewed. On raw values a few outlier towns dominate the variance and flatten real differences among mid-sized towns; on logs, the unit of distance becomes 'twice as big', which is the comparison that makes sense here.",
  "weighting_note": "Equal weights are a stated choice, not a fact. They were not tuned to produce a particular list.",
  "wealth_proxy_note": "Equalized net grand list per resident stands in for community wealth: it is the tax base per person restated to full market value, and it is the quantity that constrains what a mill rate can raise. Median household income would be a useful additional variable but the Census ACS API now requires a key.",
  "relationship_to_existing_sets": "Additional, not a replacement. The hand-built sets (Surrounding towns, DRG D) remain in use everywhere they already appear. Where this set and those sets disagree, the disagreement is itself worth showing.",
  "drg_note": "CT SDE District Reference Groups were created in 1996, last reassigned in 2006 on roughly 2000-census inputs, and have not been updated since. They were designed to compare school districts on family demographics — appropriate for education questions, not for municipal operations, and blind to town size.",
  "excluded": [
   "Groton (city)"
  ],
  "dropped_for_missing_data": [],
  "town_count_ranked": 169
 },
 "target": "Ledyard",
 "variable_stats": {
  "population": {
   "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 9.392518,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.111223,
   "target_raw": 15459
  },
  "enrollment": {
   "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 7.309335,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.228189,
   "target_raw": 2374.38
  },
  "grand_list_per_capita": {
   "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 12.211418,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.467644,
   "target_raw": 146407.045281
  },
  "school_age_share": {
   "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.127697,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.027724,
   "target_raw": 0.153592
  },
  "unemployment": {
   "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.030079,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.00449,
   "target_raw": 0.0271
  }
 },
 "peer_sets": {
  "municipal": {
   "label": "Municipal peers",
   "purpose": "Town-side spending, debt, reserves, and tax comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "population",
     "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    },
    {
     "key": "unemployment",
     "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "Tolland",
    "Granby",
    "Ellington",
    "Colchester",
    "East Hampton",
    "Wethersfield",
    "Hebron",
    "Burlington",
    "Bethel",
    "Canton",
    "Woodstock",
    "Cheshire"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "Tolland",
     "distance": 0.4644
    },
    {
     "town": "Granby",
     "distance": 0.5269
    },
    {
     "town": "Ellington",
     "distance": 0.589
    },
    {
     "town": "Colchester",
     "distance": 0.614
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hampton",
     "distance": 0.7083
    },
    {
     "town": "Wethersfield",
     "distance": 0.7202
    },
    {
     "town": "Hebron",
     "distance": 0.7268
    },
    {
     "town": "Burlington",
     "distance": 0.733
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethel",
     "distance": 0.8097
    },
    {
     "town": "Canton",
     "distance": 0.8097
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodstock",
     "distance": 0.8721
    },
    {
     "town": "Cheshire",
     "distance": 0.9323
    },
    {
     "town": "Simsbury",
     "distance": 0.9394
    },
    {
     "town": "Marlborough",
     "distance": 0.9912
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlebury",
     "distance": 1.0633
    },
    {
     "town": "Suffield",
     "distance": 1.0647
    },
    {
     "town": "Bolton",
     "distance": 1.1226
    },
    {
     "town": "East Lyme",
     "distance": 1.1271
    },
    {
     "town": "Berlin",
     "distance": 1.139
    },
    {
     "town": "Newington",
     "distance": 1.1438
    },
    {
     "town": "Rocky Hill",
     "distance": 1.1543
    },
    {
     "town": "Brookfield",
     "distance": 1.1645
    },
    {
     "town": "Montville",
     "distance": 1.1929
    },
    {
     "town": "Southington",
     "distance": 1.1992
    },
    {
     "town": "Avon",
     "distance": 1.2206
    },
    {
     "town": "Portland",
     "distance": 1.2213
    },
    {
     "town": "Somers",
     "distance": 1.2232
    },
    {
     "town": "Newtown",
     "distance": 1.2234
    },
    {
     "town": "Coventry",
     "distance": 1.235
    },
    {
     "town": "Oxford",
     "distance": 1.2505
    },
    {
     "town": "Wolcott",
     "distance": 1.254
    },
    {
     "town": "Haddam",
     "distance": 1.2884
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainville",
     "distance": 1.294
    },
    {
     "town": "Cromwell",
     "distance": 1.3025
    },
    {
     "town": "New Hartford",
     "distance": 1.3199
    },
    {
     "town": "New Milford",
     "distance": 1.336
    },
    {
     "town": "Prospect",
     "distance": 1.3637
    },
    {
     "town": "Farmington",
     "distance": 1.3748
    },
    {
     "town": "North Haven",
     "distance": 1.3927
    },
    {
     "town": "East Granby",
     "distance": 1.4005
    },
    {
     "town": "Glastonbury",
     "distance": 1.4059
    },
    {
     "town": "Salem",
     "distance": 1.4222
    },
    {
     "town": "Harwinton",
     "distance": 1.4373
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethany",
     "distance": 1.4417
    },
    {
     "town": "West Hartford",
     "distance": 1.4494
    },
    {
     "town": "Guilford",
     "distance": 1.4516
    },
    {
     "town": "New Fairfield",
     "distance": 1.4559
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor",
     "distance": 1.4701
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbridge",
     "distance": 1.4725
    },
    {
     "town": "North Branford",
     "distance": 1.4798
    },
    {
     "town": "North Stonington",
     "distance": 1.4805
    },
    {
     "town": "South Windsor",
     "distance": 1.5158
    },
    {
     "town": "Brooklyn",
     "distance": 1.5258
    },
    {
     "town": "Wallingford",
     "distance": 1.5439
    },
    {
     "town": "Orange",
     "distance": 1.5441
    },
    {
     "town": "Pomfret",
     "distance": 1.5478
    },
    {
     "town": "Watertown",
     "distance": 1.569
    },
    {
     "town": "Columbia",
     "distance": 1.5855
    },
    {
     "town": "Griswold",
     "distance": 1.5873
    },
    {
     "town": "Groton",
     "distance": 1.6156
    },
    {
     "town": "Monroe",
     "distance": 1.6243
    },
    {
     "town": "Enfield",
     "distance": 1.6703
    },
    {
     "town": "Lebanon",
     "distance": 1.6728
    },
    {
     "town": "Easton",
     "distance": 1.6746
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainfield",
     "distance": 1.7072
    },
    {
     "town": "Danbury",
     "distance": 1.7109
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 1.7232
    },
    {
     "town": "Durham",
     "distance": 1.7264
    },
    {
     "town": "Southbury",
     "distance": 1.7348
    },
    {
     "town": "Beacon Falls",
     "distance": 1.7362
    },
    {
     "town": "Canterbury",
     "distance": 1.7816
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingworth",
     "distance": 1.8047
    },
    {
     "town": "Trumbull",
     "distance": 1.8071
    },
    {
     "town": "Seymour",
     "distance": 1.8127
    },
    {
     "town": "Thomaston",
     "distance": 1.856
    },
    {
     "town": "Barkhamsted",
     "distance": 1.8677
    },
    {
     "town": "Madison",
     "distance": 1.8756
    },
    {
     "town": "Clinton",
     "distance": 1.878
    },
    {
     "town": "Stafford",
     "distance": 1.886
    },
    {
     "town": "Naugatuck",
     "distance": 1.9202
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haddam",
     "distance": 1.9277
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterford",
     "distance": 1.9533
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlefield",
     "distance": 1.9949
    },
    {
     "town": "Manchester",
     "distance": 1.9995
    },
    {
     "town": "Putnam",
     "distance": 2.0531
    },
    {
     "town": "Andover",
     "distance": 2.0877
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbury",
     "distance": 2.1083
    },
    {
     "town": "Redding",
     "distance": 2.1117
    },
    {
     "town": "Vernon",
     "distance": 2.1214
    },
    {
     "town": "Willington",
     "distance": 2.1291
    },
    {
     "town": "Voluntown",
     "distance": 2.1456
    },
    {
     "town": "Deep River",
     "distance": 2.1572
    },
    {
     "town": "Bloomfield",
     "distance": 2.1823
    },
    {
     "town": "Ridgefield",
     "distance": 2.202
    },
    {
     "town": "Torrington",
     "distance": 2.2118
    },
    {
     "town": "Chaplin",
     "distance": 2.2274
    },
    {
     "town": "Thompson",
     "distance": 2.2455
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haven",
     "distance": 2.2516
    },
    {
     "town": "Preston",
     "distance": 2.2586
    },
    {
     "town": "East Windsor",
     "distance": 2.301
    },
    {
     "town": "Ashford",
     "distance": 2.3119
    },
    {
     "town": "Fairfield",
     "distance": 2.3273
    },
    {
     "town": "Milford",
     "distance": 2.3413
    },
    {
     "town": "Chester",
     "distance": 2.3479
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Lyme",
     "distance": 2.3485
    },
    {
     "town": "Hamden",
     "distance": 2.3682
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingly",
     "distance": 2.374
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwalk",
     "distance": 2.374
    },
    {
     "town": "Sprague",
     "distance": 2.3795
    },
    {
     "town": "Litchfield",
     "distance": 2.4249
    },
    {
     "town": "Lisbon",
     "distance": 2.4279
    },
    {
     "town": "Bristol",
     "distance": 2.4334
    },
    {
     "town": "Bozrah",
     "distance": 2.4379
    },
    {
     "town": "Franklin",
     "distance": 2.4447
    },
    {
     "town": "Shelton",
     "distance": 2.4608
    },
    {
     "town": "West Haven",
     "distance": 2.5036
    },
    {
     "town": "Eastford",
     "distance": 2.5208
    },
    {
     "town": "Branford",
     "distance": 2.5253
    },
    {
     "town": "Middletown",
     "distance": 2.5341
    },
    {
     "town": "Stratford",
     "distance": 2.5598
    },
    {
     "town": "Plymouth",
     "distance": 2.5622
    },
    {
     "town": "Stonington",
     "distance": 2.6317
    },
    {
     "town": "New London",
     "distance": 2.6471
    },
    {
     "town": "Scotland",
     "distance": 2.6979
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartland",
     "distance": 2.7532
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwich",
     "distance": 2.7578
    },
    {
     "town": "Winchester",
     "distance": 2.7925
    },
    {
     "town": "New Haven",
     "distance": 2.8092
    },
    {
     "town": "North Canaan",
     "distance": 2.8099
    },
    {
     "town": "Stamford",
     "distance": 2.8186
    },
    {
     "town": "Westbrook",
     "distance": 2.8229
    },
    {
     "town": "Meriden",
     "distance": 2.8731
    },
    {
     "town": "Ansonia",
     "distance": 2.9059
    },
    {
     "town": "Wilton",
     "distance": 2.9159
    },
    {
     "town": "Sherman",
     "distance": 2.9713
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethlehem",
     "distance": 3.0155
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Saybrook",
     "distance": 3.0568
    },
    {
     "town": "Colebrook",
     "distance": 3.0744
    },
    {
     "town": "Weston",
     "distance": 3.0805
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hartford",
     "distance": 3.1023
    },
    {
     "town": "Derby",
     "distance": 3.1053
    },
    {
     "town": "Essex",
     "distance": 3.162
    },
    {
     "town": "Morris",
     "distance": 3.1733
    },
    {
     "town": "Goshen",
     "distance": 3.2405
    },
    {
     "town": "Lyme",
     "distance": 3.5526
    },
    {
     "town": "Union",
     "distance": 3.6169
    },
    {
     "town": "Windham",
     "distance": 3.6561
    },
    {
     "town": "Norfolk",
     "distance": 3.7105
    },
    {
     "town": "New Canaan",
     "distance": 3.7207
    },
    {
     "town": "Hampton",
     "distance": 3.7614
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgeport",
     "distance": 3.7707
    },
    {
     "town": "New Britain",
     "distance": 3.833
    },
    {
     "town": "Westport",
     "distance": 3.8503
    },
    {
     "town": "Mansfield",
     "distance": 3.8937
    },
    {
     "town": "Greenwich",
     "distance": 3.9399
    },
    {
     "town": "Sterling",
     "distance": 3.9564
    },
    {
     "town": "Canaan",
     "distance": 3.9885
    },
    {
     "town": "Kent",
     "distance": 4.065
    },
    {
     "town": "Darien",
     "distance": 4.071
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgewater",
     "distance": 4.1719
    },
    {
     "town": "Salisbury",
     "distance": 4.1977
    },
    {
     "town": "Cornwall",
     "distance": 4.2832
    },
    {
     "town": "Warren",
     "distance": 4.328
    },
    {
     "town": "Washington",
     "distance": 4.6703
    },
    {
     "town": "Roxbury",
     "distance": 4.7473
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartford",
     "distance": 5.0347
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterbury",
     "distance": 5.174
    },
    {
     "town": "Sharon",
     "distance": 5.2413
    }
   ]
  },
  "school": {
   "label": "School peers",
   "purpose": "Education spending comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "enrollment",
     "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "Ellington",
    "Tolland",
    "Colchester",
    "Granby",
    "Wolcott",
    "Wethersfield",
    "Woodstock",
    "Brooklyn",
    "Canton",
    "Burlington",
    "East Hampton",
    "Hebron"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "Ellington",
     "distance": 0.2421
    },
    {
     "town": "Tolland",
     "distance": 0.3403
    },
    {
     "town": "Colchester",
     "distance": 0.4271
    },
    {
     "town": "Granby",
     "distance": 0.5215
    },
    {
     "town": "Wolcott",
     "distance": 0.5755
    },
    {
     "town": "Wethersfield",
     "distance": 0.6003
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodstock",
     "distance": 0.6404
    },
    {
     "town": "Brooklyn",
     "distance": 0.6553
    },
    {
     "town": "Canton",
     "distance": 0.6955
    },
    {
     "town": "Burlington",
     "distance": 0.7116
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hampton",
     "distance": 0.7252
    },
    {
     "town": "Hebron",
     "distance": 0.7475
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethel",
     "distance": 0.7907
    },
    {
     "town": "Naugatuck",
     "distance": 0.792
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainfield",
     "distance": 0.8002
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainville",
     "distance": 0.8114
    },
    {
     "town": "Seymour",
     "distance": 0.8433
    },
    {
     "town": "Coventry",
     "distance": 0.8629
    },
    {
     "town": "Cheshire",
     "distance": 0.8641
    },
    {
     "town": "Prospect",
     "distance": 0.873
    },
    {
     "town": "Griswold",
     "distance": 0.9141
    },
    {
     "town": "Cromwell",
     "distance": 0.9146
    },
    {
     "town": "Marlborough",
     "distance": 0.9274
    },
    {
     "town": "Simsbury",
     "distance": 0.9489
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlebury",
     "distance": 0.9577
    },
    {
     "town": "Brookfield",
     "distance": 0.9655
    },
    {
     "town": "Portland",
     "distance": 0.9855
    },
    {
     "town": "Southington",
     "distance": 1.0421
    },
    {
     "town": "Newington",
     "distance": 1.0424
    },
    {
     "town": "Bolton",
     "distance": 1.0556
    },
    {
     "town": "Ansonia",
     "distance": 1.0715
    },
    {
     "town": "Suffield",
     "distance": 1.0722
    },
    {
     "town": "Berlin",
     "distance": 1.0885
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor",
     "distance": 1.1123
    },
    {
     "town": "East Lyme",
     "distance": 1.1126
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingly",
     "distance": 1.1132
    },
    {
     "town": "Rocky Hill",
     "distance": 1.128
    },
    {
     "town": "Montville",
     "distance": 1.1463
    },
    {
     "town": "Somers",
     "distance": 1.1598
    },
    {
     "town": "Newtown",
     "distance": 1.1603
    },
    {
     "town": "New Fairfield",
     "distance": 1.1826
    },
    {
     "town": "New Milford",
     "distance": 1.198
    },
    {
     "town": "Stafford",
     "distance": 1.1994
    },
    {
     "town": "Watertown",
     "distance": 1.2032
    },
    {
     "town": "Avon",
     "distance": 1.2273
    },
    {
     "town": "Enfield",
     "distance": 1.2403
    },
    {
     "town": "Stratford",
     "distance": 1.2412
    },
    {
     "town": "Glastonbury",
     "distance": 1.2444
    },
    {
     "town": "East Granby",
     "distance": 1.2461
    },
    {
     "town": "Oxford",
     "distance": 1.2516
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 1.2642
    },
    {
     "town": "Farmington",
     "distance": 1.2662
    },
    {
     "town": "West Hartford",
     "distance": 1.2674
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hartford",
     "distance": 1.3055
    },
    {
     "town": "Haddam",
     "distance": 1.317
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethany",
     "distance": 1.3196
    },
    {
     "town": "North Haven",
     "distance": 1.323
    },
    {
     "town": "Lisbon",
     "distance": 1.3263
    },
    {
     "town": "Bristol",
     "distance": 1.3278
    },
    {
     "town": "New Hartford",
     "distance": 1.3438
    },
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 },
 "target_statewide_percentiles": {
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   "percentile": 86.4,
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 }
}