{
 "metadata": {
  "purpose": "Rule-based peer sets for Hamden, derived from published state data by a stated formula rather than selected by hand.",
  "built_by": "Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "recipe": "python Data/fetch_ct_ucoa.py && python Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "input_file": "src/data/ct_ucoa_town_indicators.json",
  "source": "CT Office of Policy and Management — Municipal Fiscal Indicators (Uniform Chart of Accounts program)",
  "dataset_id": "ej6f-y2wf",
  "source_url": "https://data.ct.gov/resource/ej6f-y2wf.json",
  "pulled": "2026-08-25",
  "dataset_last_updated": "2026-03-03",
  "match_year": "FY 22-23 (OPM fiscal_year_end 2023)",
  "rule": "Standardize each variable across all towns (log-transforming the skewed size and wealth variables), then rank towns by Euclidean distance to Hamden in that standardized space. Variables are equally weighted. Nearest 12 are the peer set.",
  "why_logs": "Population, enrollment, and grand list per resident are heavily right-skewed. On raw values a few outlier towns dominate the variance and flatten real differences among mid-sized towns; on logs, the unit of distance becomes 'twice as big', which is the comparison that makes sense here.",
  "weighting_note": "Equal weights are a stated choice, not a fact. They were not tuned to produce a particular list.",
  "wealth_proxy_note": "Equalized net grand list per resident stands in for community wealth: it is the tax base per person restated to full market value, and it is the quantity that constrains what a mill rate can raise. Median household income would be a useful additional variable but the Census ACS API now requires a key.",
  "relationship_to_existing_sets": "Additional, not a replacement. The hand-built sets (Surrounding towns, DRG G) remain in use everywhere they already appear. Where this set and those sets disagree, the disagreement is itself worth showing.",
  "drg_note": "CT SDE District Reference Groups were created in 1996, last reassigned in 2006 on roughly 2000-census inputs, and have not been updated since. They were designed to compare school districts on family demographics — appropriate for education questions, not for municipal operations, and blind to town size.",
  "excluded": [
   "Groton (city)"
  ],
  "dropped_for_missing_data": [],
  "town_count_ranked": 169
 },
 "target": "Hamden",
 "variable_stats": {
  "population": {
   "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 9.392518,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.111223,
   "target_raw": 60014
  },
  "enrollment": {
   "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 7.309335,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.228189,
   "target_raw": 6257.56
  },
  "grand_list_per_capita": {
   "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 12.211418,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.467644,
   "target_raw": 133999.685073
  },
  "school_age_share": {
   "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.127697,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.027724,
   "target_raw": 0.104268
  },
  "unemployment": {
   "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.030079,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.00449,
   "target_raw": 0.0314
  }
 },
 "peer_sets": {
  "municipal": {
   "label": "Municipal peers",
   "purpose": "Town-side spending, debt, reserves, and tax comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "population",
     "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    },
    {
     "key": "unemployment",
     "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "Middletown",
    "Enfield",
    "Vernon",
    "Manchester",
    "Torrington",
    "East Haven",
    "Groton",
    "Shelton",
    "Watertown",
    "Milford",
    "West Haven",
    "Wallingford"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "Middletown",
     "distance": 0.4836
    },
    {
     "town": "Enfield",
     "distance": 0.8232
    },
    {
     "town": "Vernon",
     "distance": 0.8277
    },
    {
     "town": "Manchester",
     "distance": 0.8685
    },
    {
     "town": "Torrington",
     "distance": 0.9495
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haven",
     "distance": 0.9575
    },
    {
     "town": "Groton",
     "distance": 1.1124
    },
    {
     "town": "Shelton",
     "distance": 1.1331
    },
    {
     "town": "Watertown",
     "distance": 1.1815
    },
    {
     "town": "Milford",
     "distance": 1.2106
    },
    {
     "town": "West Haven",
     "distance": 1.245
    },
    {
     "town": "Wallingford",
     "distance": 1.2467
    },
    {
     "town": "Bloomfield",
     "distance": 1.2532
    },
    {
     "town": "Bristol",
     "distance": 1.3042
    },
    {
     "town": "New Haven",
     "distance": 1.4182
    },
    {
     "town": "Montville",
     "distance": 1.4356
    },
    {
     "town": "New London",
     "distance": 1.4491
    },
    {
     "town": "Newington",
     "distance": 1.4678
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainville",
     "distance": 1.4875
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor",
     "distance": 1.5235
    },
    {
     "town": "New Milford",
     "distance": 1.5657
    },
    {
     "town": "Danbury",
     "distance": 1.6046
    },
    {
     "town": "Seymour",
     "distance": 1.6222
    },
    {
     "town": "North Branford",
     "distance": 1.633
    },
    {
     "town": "East Windsor",
     "distance": 1.6432
    },
    {
     "town": "Southbury",
     "distance": 1.6525
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwich",
     "distance": 1.6661
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainfield",
     "distance": 1.6865
    },
    {
     "town": "Southington",
     "distance": 1.6873
    },
    {
     "town": "Stratford",
     "distance": 1.6988
    },
    {
     "town": "Stafford",
     "distance": 1.7099
    },
    {
     "town": "Thompson",
     "distance": 1.7187
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingly",
     "distance": 1.7274
    },
    {
     "town": "Branford",
     "distance": 1.728
    },
    {
     "town": "Wolcott",
     "distance": 1.7488
    },
    {
     "town": "Wethersfield",
     "distance": 1.7566
    },
    {
     "town": "Coventry",
     "distance": 1.7898
    },
    {
     "town": "Somers",
     "distance": 1.8047
    },
    {
     "town": "Berlin",
     "distance": 1.8171
    },
    {
     "town": "Naugatuck",
     "distance": 1.8297
    },
    {
     "town": "Suffield",
     "distance": 1.8359
    },
    {
     "town": "Rocky Hill",
     "distance": 1.8478
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 1.8589
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwalk",
     "distance": 1.8748
    },
    {
     "town": "Putnam",
     "distance": 1.9005
    },
    {
     "town": "Colchester",
     "distance": 1.9012
    },
    {
     "town": "North Haven",
     "distance": 1.9051
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haddam",
     "distance": 1.9101
    },
    {
     "town": "Portland",
     "distance": 1.932
    },
    {
     "town": "Cheshire",
     "distance": 1.939
    },
    {
     "town": "Griswold",
     "distance": 1.9487
    },
    {
     "town": "East Lyme",
     "distance": 1.9648
    },
    {
     "town": "Winchester",
     "distance": 1.9917
    },
    {
     "town": "Thomaston",
     "distance": 2.0273
    },
    {
     "town": "Cromwell",
     "distance": 2.0332
    },
    {
     "town": "Stamford",
     "distance": 2.0366
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbury",
     "distance": 2.0416
    },
    {
     "town": "Plymouth",
     "distance": 2.0506
    },
    {
     "town": "Mansfield",
     "distance": 2.0638
    },
    {
     "town": "Beacon Falls",
     "distance": 2.1055
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hampton",
     "distance": 2.1135
    },
    {
     "town": "Prospect",
     "distance": 2.141
    },
    {
     "town": "Ellington",
     "distance": 2.1453
    },
    {
     "town": "Lebanon",
     "distance": 2.1565
    },
    {
     "town": "Willington",
     "distance": 2.1646
    },
    {
     "town": "Newtown",
     "distance": 2.165
    },
    {
     "town": "West Hartford",
     "distance": 2.1766
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterford",
     "distance": 2.1951
    },
    {
     "town": "Ansonia",
     "distance": 2.2217
    },
    {
     "town": "Stonington",
     "distance": 2.2388
    },
    {
     "town": "Clinton",
     "distance": 2.2736
    },
    {
     "town": "Meriden",
     "distance": 2.2808
    },
    {
     "town": "Brookfield",
     "distance": 2.284
    },
    {
     "town": "Brooklyn",
     "distance": 2.2845
    },
    {
     "town": "Oxford",
     "distance": 2.2859
    },
    {
     "town": "Canterbury",
     "distance": 2.316
    },
    {
     "town": "Litchfield",
     "distance": 2.3456
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingworth",
     "distance": 2.3471
    },
    {
     "town": "Hebron",
     "distance": 2.3475
    },
    {
     "town": "Derby",
     "distance": 2.3601
    },
    {
     "town": "Columbia",
     "distance": 2.3618
    },
    {
     "town": "Ledyard",
     "distance": 2.3682
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethel",
     "distance": 2.3758
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgeport",
     "distance": 2.3989
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodstock",
     "distance": 2.4032
    },
    {
     "town": "Haddam",
     "distance": 2.4147
    },
    {
     "town": "Canton",
     "distance": 2.4771
    },
    {
     "town": "Fairfield",
     "distance": 2.4855
    },
    {
     "town": "Ashford",
     "distance": 2.4933
    },
    {
     "town": "Guilford",
     "distance": 2.501
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlefield",
     "distance": 2.5039
    },
    {
     "town": "Granby",
     "distance": 2.5213
    },
    {
     "town": "New Hartford",
     "distance": 2.5552
    },
    {
     "town": "Burlington",
     "distance": 2.6584
    },
    {
     "town": "Salem",
     "distance": 2.663
    },
    {
     "town": "New Fairfield",
     "distance": 2.6638
    },
    {
     "town": "Simsbury",
     "distance": 2.6931
    },
    {
     "town": "Preston",
     "distance": 2.71
    },
    {
     "town": "Andover",
     "distance": 2.7115
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hartford",
     "distance": 2.7269
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlebury",
     "distance": 2.7297
    },
    {
     "town": "Westbrook",
     "distance": 2.7355
    },
    {
     "town": "Tolland",
     "distance": 2.7421
    },
    {
     "town": "Harwinton",
     "distance": 2.7549
    },
    {
     "town": "Farmington",
     "distance": 2.76
    },
    {
     "town": "Pomfret",
     "distance": 2.7791
    },
    {
     "town": "Deep River",
     "distance": 2.7991
    },
    {
     "town": "Marlborough",
     "distance": 2.8127
    },
    {
     "town": "Chester",
     "distance": 2.8222
    },
    {
     "town": "North Canaan",
     "distance": 2.842
    },
    {
     "town": "Sprague",
     "distance": 2.8698
    },
    {
     "town": "Madison",
     "distance": 2.8716
    },
    {
     "town": "Lisbon",
     "distance": 2.8766
    },
    {
     "town": "Redding",
     "distance": 2.886
    },
    {
     "town": "Glastonbury",
     "distance": 2.9025
    },
    {
     "town": "Barkhamsted",
     "distance": 2.9155
    },
    {
     "town": "Bolton",
     "distance": 2.9205
    },
    {
     "town": "Durham",
     "distance": 2.9319
    },
    {
     "town": "Avon",
     "distance": 2.9333
    },
    {
     "town": "Windham",
     "distance": 2.9399
    },
    {
     "town": "Trumbull",
     "distance": 2.958
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethlehem",
     "distance": 2.9711
    },
    {
     "town": "North Stonington",
     "distance": 2.9906
    },
    {
     "town": "Voluntown",
     "distance": 3.0136
    },
    {
     "town": "New Britain",
     "distance": 3.0744
    },
    {
     "town": "Chaplin",
     "distance": 3.1461
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Saybrook",
     "distance": 3.1684
    },
    {
     "town": "Monroe",
     "distance": 3.1905
    },
    {
     "town": "Orange",
     "distance": 3.197
    },
    {
     "town": "Essex",
     "distance": 3.2061
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethany",
     "distance": 3.2933
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Lyme",
     "distance": 3.3724
    },
    {
     "town": "South Windsor",
     "distance": 3.3724
    },
    {
     "town": "Scotland",
     "distance": 3.4077
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartland",
     "distance": 3.4097
    },
    {
     "town": "Eastford",
     "distance": 3.4205
    },
    {
     "town": "East Granby",
     "distance": 3.4249
    },
    {
     "town": "Easton",
     "distance": 3.4333
    },
    {
     "town": "Bozrah",
     "distance": 3.4357
    },
    {
     "town": "Franklin",
     "distance": 3.4587
    },
    {
     "town": "Hampton",
     "distance": 3.5149
    },
    {
     "town": "Sherman",
     "distance": 3.5218
    },
    {
     "town": "Morris",
     "distance": 3.5482
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbridge",
     "distance": 3.5683
    },
    {
     "town": "Sterling",
     "distance": 3.6621
    },
    {
     "town": "Ridgefield",
     "distance": 3.7097
    },
    {
     "town": "Goshen",
     "distance": 3.7521
    },
    {
     "town": "Colebrook",
     "distance": 3.7613
    },
    {
     "town": "Kent",
     "distance": 3.8918
    },
    {
     "town": "Norfolk",
     "distance": 4.0473
    },
    {
     "town": "Greenwich",
     "distance": 4.0572
    },
    {
     "town": "Lyme",
     "distance": 4.0907
    },
    {
     "town": "Union",
     "distance": 4.1436
    },
    {
     "town": "Canaan",
     "distance": 4.1684
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartford",
     "distance": 4.2183
    },
    {
     "town": "Salisbury",
     "distance": 4.2961
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterbury",
     "distance": 4.4042
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgewater",
     "distance": 4.6016
    },
    {
     "town": "Warren",
     "distance": 4.629
    },
    {
     "town": "Wilton",
     "distance": 4.6675
    },
    {
     "town": "Cornwall",
     "distance": 4.6834
    },
    {
     "town": "Washington",
     "distance": 4.8103
    },
    {
     "town": "Weston",
     "distance": 4.9159
    },
    {
     "town": "Westport",
     "distance": 5.0212
    },
    {
     "town": "Roxbury",
     "distance": 5.0503
    },
    {
     "town": "New Canaan",
     "distance": 5.0609
    },
    {
     "town": "Sharon",
     "distance": 5.1506
    },
    {
     "town": "Darien",
     "distance": 5.4856
    }
   ]
  },
  "school": {
   "label": "School peers",
   "purpose": "Education spending comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "enrollment",
     "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "Middletown",
    "Torrington",
    "East Haven",
    "New London",
    "Vernon",
    "Enfield",
    "Groton",
    "Manchester",
    "West Haven",
    "Bristol",
    "Shelton",
    "Wallingford"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "Middletown",
     "distance": 0.5066
    },
    {
     "town": "Torrington",
     "distance": 0.6521
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haven",
     "distance": 0.6536
    },
    {
     "town": "New London",
     "distance": 0.7242
    },
    {
     "town": "Vernon",
     "distance": 0.7631
    },
    {
     "town": "Enfield",
     "distance": 0.7647
    },
    {
     "town": "Groton",
     "distance": 0.7981
    },
    {
     "town": "Manchester",
     "distance": 0.8579
    },
    {
     "town": "West Haven",
     "distance": 0.8686
    },
    {
     "town": "Bristol",
     "distance": 0.9298
    },
    {
     "town": "Shelton",
     "distance": 0.951
    },
    {
     "town": "Wallingford",
     "distance": 0.9898
    },
    {
     "town": "Milford",
     "distance": 1.0107
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwich",
     "distance": 1.032
    },
    {
     "town": "Watertown",
     "distance": 1.0334
    },
    {
     "town": "Newington",
     "distance": 1.0703
    },
    {
     "town": "Montville",
     "distance": 1.0873
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingly",
     "distance": 1.1114
    },
    {
     "town": "Bloomfield",
     "distance": 1.1124
    },
    {
     "town": "Ansonia",
     "distance": 1.2002
    },
    {
     "town": "Stratford",
     "distance": 1.2188
    },
    {
     "town": "Seymour",
     "distance": 1.2803
    },
    {
     "town": "Derby",
     "distance": 1.2808
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainville",
     "distance": 1.2813
    },
    {
     "town": "New Haven",
     "distance": 1.2983
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainfield",
     "distance": 1.3663
    },
    {
     "town": "New Milford",
     "distance": 1.3774
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgeport",
     "distance": 1.3791
    },
    {
     "town": "Stafford",
     "distance": 1.3797
    },
    {
     "town": "North Branford",
     "distance": 1.3877
    },
    {
     "town": "Suffield",
     "distance": 1.4085
    },
    {
     "town": "Plymouth",
     "distance": 1.4158
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor",
     "distance": 1.4307
    },
    {
     "town": "Southbury",
     "distance": 1.4355
    },
    {
     "town": "Rocky Hill",
     "distance": 1.449
    },
    {
     "town": "Winchester",
     "distance": 1.4495
    },
    {
     "town": "Wethersfield",
     "distance": 1.4901
    },
    {
     "town": "Somers",
     "distance": 1.4962
    },
    {
     "town": "Danbury",
     "distance": 1.5076
    },
    {
     "town": "Southington",
     "distance": 1.523
    },
    {
     "town": "Berlin",
     "distance": 1.5249
    },
    {
     "town": "Wolcott",
     "distance": 1.5279
    },
    {
     "town": "Putnam",
     "distance": 1.5308
    },
    {
     "town": "Coventry",
     "distance": 1.5406
    },
    {
     "town": "East Lyme",
     "distance": 1.546
    },
    {
     "town": "East Windsor",
     "distance": 1.5633
    },
    {
     "town": "Naugatuck",
     "distance": 1.5828
    },
    {
     "town": "Thompson",
     "distance": 1.6008
    },
    {
     "town": "Windham",
     "distance": 1.6042
    },
    {
     "town": "Colchester",
     "distance": 1.61
    },
    {
     "town": "Cheshire",
     "distance": 1.6178
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 1.6328
    },
    {
     "town": "Portland",
     "distance": 1.6363
    },
    {
     "town": "Branford",
     "distance": 1.637
    },
    {
     "town": "Griswold",
     "distance": 1.6551
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hampton",
     "distance": 1.6782
    },
    {
     "town": "North Haven",
     "distance": 1.6784
    },
    {
     "town": "Thomaston",
     "distance": 1.7046
    },
    {
     "town": "Clinton",
     "distance": 1.7095
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haddam",
     "distance": 1.7186
    },
    {
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 },
 "target_statewide_percentiles": {
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   "percentile": 52.1,
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 }
}