{
 "metadata": {
  "purpose": "Rule-based peer sets for Greenwich, derived from published state data by a stated formula rather than selected by hand.",
  "built_by": "Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "recipe": "python Data/fetch_ct_ucoa.py && python Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "input_file": "src/data/ct_ucoa_town_indicators.json",
  "source": "CT Office of Policy and Management — Municipal Fiscal Indicators (Uniform Chart of Accounts program)",
  "dataset_id": "ej6f-y2wf",
  "source_url": "https://data.ct.gov/resource/ej6f-y2wf.json",
  "pulled": "2026-08-25",
  "dataset_last_updated": "2026-03-03",
  "match_year": "FY 22-23 (OPM fiscal_year_end 2023)",
  "rule": "Standardize each variable across all towns (log-transforming the skewed size and wealth variables), then rank towns by Euclidean distance to Greenwich in that standardized space. Variables are equally weighted. Nearest 12 are the peer set.",
  "why_logs": "Population, enrollment, and grand list per resident are heavily right-skewed. On raw values a few outlier towns dominate the variance and flatten real differences among mid-sized towns; on logs, the unit of distance becomes 'twice as big', which is the comparison that makes sense here.",
  "weighting_note": "Equal weights are a stated choice, not a fact. They were not tuned to produce a particular list.",
  "wealth_proxy_note": "Equalized net grand list per resident stands in for community wealth: it is the tax base per person restated to full market value, and it is the quantity that constrains what a mill rate can raise. Median household income would be a useful additional variable but the Census ACS API now requires a key.",
  "relationship_to_existing_sets": "Additional, not a replacement. The hand-built sets (Surrounding towns, DRG B) remain in use everywhere they already appear. Where this set and those sets disagree, the disagreement is itself worth showing.",
  "drg_note": "CT SDE District Reference Groups were created in 1996, last reassigned in 2006 on roughly 2000-census inputs, and have not been updated since. They were designed to compare school districts on family demographics — appropriate for education questions, not for municipal operations, and blind to town size.",
  "excluded": [
   "Groton (city)"
  ],
  "dropped_for_missing_data": [],
  "town_count_ranked": 169
 },
 "target": "Greenwich",
 "variable_stats": {
  "population": {
   "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 9.392518,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.111223,
   "target_raw": 63574
  },
  "enrollment": {
   "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 7.309335,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.228189,
   "target_raw": 8287.34
  },
  "grand_list_per_capita": {
   "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 12.211418,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.467644,
   "target_raw": 800673.650187
  },
  "school_age_share": {
   "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.127697,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.027724,
   "target_raw": 0.130357
  },
  "unemployment": {
   "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.030079,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.00449,
   "target_raw": 0.027
  }
 },
 "peer_sets": {
  "municipal": {
   "label": "Municipal peers",
   "purpose": "Town-side spending, debt, reserves, and tax comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "population",
     "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    },
    {
     "key": "unemployment",
     "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "Fairfield",
    "Madison",
    "Stamford",
    "Old Saybrook",
    "Norwalk",
    "Old Lyme",
    "Waterford",
    "Westport",
    "Guilford",
    "Stonington",
    "Redding",
    "Ridgefield"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "Fairfield",
     "distance": 2.1702
    },
    {
     "town": "Madison",
     "distance": 2.2172
    },
    {
     "town": "Stamford",
     "distance": 2.3114
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Saybrook",
     "distance": 2.3585
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwalk",
     "distance": 2.3675
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Lyme",
     "distance": 2.4053
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterford",
     "distance": 2.4088
    },
    {
     "town": "Westport",
     "distance": 2.4775
    },
    {
     "town": "Guilford",
     "distance": 2.5051
    },
    {
     "town": "Stonington",
     "distance": 2.5194
    },
    {
     "town": "Redding",
     "distance": 2.6474
    },
    {
     "town": "Ridgefield",
     "distance": 2.7338
    },
    {
     "town": "Farmington",
     "distance": 2.7369
    },
    {
     "town": "North Haven",
     "distance": 2.7501
    },
    {
     "town": "Newtown",
     "distance": 2.7693
    },
    {
     "town": "Orange",
     "distance": 2.7822
    },
    {
     "town": "Branford",
     "distance": 2.806
    },
    {
     "town": "New Canaan",
     "distance": 2.8077
    },
    {
     "town": "Southbury",
     "distance": 2.9706
    },
    {
     "town": "Oxford",
     "distance": 2.9727
    },
    {
     "town": "Avon",
     "distance": 3.0014
    },
    {
     "town": "Glastonbury",
     "distance": 3.0049
    },
    {
     "town": "New Milford",
     "distance": 3.0104
    },
    {
     "town": "Milford",
     "distance": 3.0301
    },
    {
     "town": "Clinton",
     "distance": 3.0512
    },
    {
     "town": "Brookfield",
     "distance": 3.0751
    },
    {
     "town": "Berlin",
     "distance": 3.0767
    },
    {
     "town": "Darien",
     "distance": 3.0769
    },
    {
     "town": "East Lyme",
     "distance": 3.077
    },
    {
     "town": "New Fairfield",
     "distance": 3.0919
    },
    {
     "town": "Rocky Hill",
     "distance": 3.0964
    },
    {
     "town": "Salisbury",
     "distance": 3.0964
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor",
     "distance": 3.1254
    },
    {
     "town": "Cheshire",
     "distance": 3.1348
    },
    {
     "town": "Southington",
     "distance": 3.1581
    },
    {
     "town": "Wallingford",
     "distance": 3.1622
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethel",
     "distance": 3.1671
    },
    {
     "town": "West Hartford",
     "distance": 3.1695
    },
    {
     "town": "Essex",
     "distance": 3.1923
    },
    {
     "town": "Wilton",
     "distance": 3.1929
    },
    {
     "town": "Danbury",
     "distance": 3.2289
    },
    {
     "town": "Sherman",
     "distance": 3.2302
    },
    {
     "town": "Westbrook",
     "distance": 3.2577
    },
    {
     "town": "Simsbury",
     "distance": 3.2945
    },
    {
     "town": "Litchfield",
     "distance": 3.2965
    },
    {
     "town": "Groton",
     "distance": 3.3133
    },
    {
     "town": "Easton",
     "distance": 3.3208
    },
    {
     "town": "Cromwell",
     "distance": 3.3404
    },
    {
     "town": "Newington",
     "distance": 3.3919
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbury",
     "distance": 3.3998
    },
    {
     "town": "Suffield",
     "distance": 3.4102
    },
    {
     "town": "Shelton",
     "distance": 3.4154
    },
    {
     "town": "Haddam",
     "distance": 3.4418
    },
    {
     "town": "Washington",
     "distance": 3.4437
    },
    {
     "town": "Lyme",
     "distance": 3.4599
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbridge",
     "distance": 3.4606
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 3.4999
    },
    {
     "town": "Weston",
     "distance": 3.5118
    },
    {
     "town": "North Stonington",
     "distance": 3.5217
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlebury",
     "distance": 3.5244
    },
    {
     "town": "Monroe",
     "distance": 3.5334
    },
    {
     "town": "North Branford",
     "distance": 3.5346
    },
    {
     "town": "Wethersfield",
     "distance": 3.5452
    },
    {
     "town": "Bloomfield",
     "distance": 3.5539
    },
    {
     "town": "Goshen",
     "distance": 3.5578
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hampton",
     "distance": 3.5651
    },
    {
     "town": "Burlington",
     "distance": 3.5667
    },
    {
     "town": "Canton",
     "distance": 3.5695
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethany",
     "distance": 3.5839
    },
    {
     "town": "South Windsor",
     "distance": 3.6293
    },
    {
     "town": "Watertown",
     "distance": 3.6309
    },
    {
     "town": "Granby",
     "distance": 3.6381
    },
    {
     "town": "Harwinton",
     "distance": 3.6554
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haddam",
     "distance": 3.6555
    },
    {
     "town": "Trumbull",
     "distance": 3.6752
    },
    {
     "town": "Ellington",
     "distance": 3.7343
    },
    {
     "town": "New Hartford",
     "distance": 3.7374
    },
    {
     "town": "Deep River",
     "distance": 3.7512
    },
    {
     "town": "Lebanon",
     "distance": 3.7664
    },
    {
     "town": "Morris",
     "distance": 3.7841
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingworth",
     "distance": 3.7878
    },
    {
     "town": "Durham",
     "distance": 3.8011
    },
    {
     "town": "Chester",
     "distance": 3.8014
    },
    {
     "town": "Prospect",
     "distance": 3.8025
    },
    {
     "town": "Tolland",
     "distance": 3.818
    },
    {
     "town": "Coventry",
     "distance": 3.8399
    },
    {
     "town": "Stratford",
     "distance": 3.8452
    },
    {
     "town": "Marlborough",
     "distance": 3.8617
    },
    {
     "town": "Somers",
     "distance": 3.8659
    },
    {
     "town": "Warren",
     "distance": 3.8867
    },
    {
     "town": "East Windsor",
     "distance": 3.911
    },
    {
     "town": "Kent",
     "distance": 3.923
    },
    {
     "town": "East Granby",
     "distance": 3.9379
    },
    {
     "town": "Ledyard",
     "distance": 3.9399
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgewater",
     "distance": 3.9465
    },
    {
     "town": "Pomfret",
     "distance": 3.9471
    },
    {
     "town": "Middletown",
     "distance": 3.9478
    },
    {
     "town": "Colchester",
     "distance": 3.9562
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodstock",
     "distance": 3.957
    },
    {
     "town": "Barkhamsted",
     "distance": 3.977
    },
    {
     "town": "Roxbury",
     "distance": 4.0241
    },
    {
     "town": "Enfield",
     "distance": 4.0478
    },
    {
     "town": "Hamden",
     "distance": 4.0572
    },
    {
     "town": "Hebron",
     "distance": 4.0749
    },
    {
     "town": "Montville",
     "distance": 4.0859
    },
    {
     "town": "Bolton",
     "distance": 4.0921
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainville",
     "distance": 4.1222
    },
    {
     "town": "Franklin",
     "distance": 4.1302
    },
    {
     "town": "Norfolk",
     "distance": 4.1372
    },
    {
     "town": "Portland",
     "distance": 4.1419
    },
    {
     "town": "Seymour",
     "distance": 4.1442
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlefield",
     "distance": 4.145
    },
    {
     "town": "Thompson",
     "distance": 4.1464
    },
    {
     "town": "Columbia",
     "distance": 4.1645
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethlehem",
     "distance": 4.1782
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainfield",
     "distance": 4.188
    },
    {
     "town": "Cornwall",
     "distance": 4.1914
    },
    {
     "town": "Bozrah",
     "distance": 4.1977
    },
    {
     "town": "Canterbury",
     "distance": 4.2437
    },
    {
     "town": "Bristol",
     "distance": 4.2663
    },
    {
     "town": "Manchester",
     "distance": 4.2747
    },
    {
     "town": "Wolcott",
     "distance": 4.2792
    },
    {
     "town": "Preston",
     "distance": 4.293
    },
    {
     "town": "Voluntown",
     "distance": 4.2964
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingly",
     "distance": 4.3095
    },
    {
     "town": "Salem",
     "distance": 4.3259
    },
    {
     "town": "Putnam",
     "distance": 4.3348
    },
    {
     "town": "Beacon Falls",
     "distance": 4.3361
    },
    {
     "town": "Colebrook",
     "distance": 4.3365
    },
    {
     "town": "Brooklyn",
     "distance": 4.3369
    },
    {
     "town": "Stafford",
     "distance": 4.3373
    },
    {
     "town": "Willington",
     "distance": 4.3418
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haven",
     "distance": 4.3924
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartland",
     "distance": 4.4051
    },
    {
     "town": "Torrington",
     "distance": 4.4574
    },
    {
     "town": "Eastford",
     "distance": 4.4623
    },
    {
     "town": "Sharon",
     "distance": 4.4666
    },
    {
     "town": "Chaplin",
     "distance": 4.4865
    },
    {
     "town": "Naugatuck",
     "distance": 4.5761
    },
    {
     "town": "Canaan",
     "distance": 4.5894
    },
    {
     "town": "Thomaston",
     "distance": 4.5905
    },
    {
     "town": "Vernon",
     "distance": 4.5923
    },
    {
     "town": "North Canaan",
     "distance": 4.6023
    },
    {
     "town": "Winchester",
     "distance": 4.6192
    },
    {
     "town": "Andover",
     "distance": 4.6664
    },
    {
     "town": "Griswold",
     "distance": 4.6831
    },
    {
     "town": "West Haven",
     "distance": 4.694
    },
    {
     "town": "New Haven",
     "distance": 4.7046
    },
    {
     "town": "Lisbon",
     "distance": 4.7191
    },
    {
     "town": "New London",
     "distance": 4.7198
    },
    {
     "town": "Union",
     "distance": 4.8918
    },
    {
     "town": "Ashford",
     "distance": 4.9314
    },
    {
     "town": "Sprague",
     "distance": 5.0192
    },
    {
     "town": "Plymouth",
     "distance": 5.0318
    },
    {
     "town": "Scotland",
     "distance": 5.0559
    },
    {
     "town": "Hampton",
     "distance": 5.0583
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwich",
     "distance": 5.0814
    },
    {
     "town": "Derby",
     "distance": 5.0863
    },
    {
     "town": "Ansonia",
     "distance": 5.0958
    },
    {
     "town": "Meriden",
     "distance": 5.2039
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgeport",
     "distance": 5.3347
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hartford",
     "distance": 5.378
    },
    {
     "town": "Mansfield",
     "distance": 5.6576
    },
    {
     "town": "Sterling",
     "distance": 5.7109
    },
    {
     "town": "New Britain",
     "distance": 5.9909
    },
    {
     "town": "Windham",
     "distance": 5.9945
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterbury",
     "distance": 6.7925
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartford",
     "distance": 7.1475
    }
   ]
  },
  "school": {
   "label": "School peers",
   "purpose": "Education spending comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "enrollment",
     "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "Fairfield",
    "Madison",
    "Old Lyme",
    "Stamford",
    "Norwalk",
    "Waterford",
    "Westport",
    "Old Saybrook",
    "Redding",
    "Guilford",
    "Stonington",
    "Orange"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "Fairfield",
     "distance": 1.9912
    },
    {
     "town": "Madison",
     "distance": 2.1223
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Lyme",
     "distance": 2.2226
    },
    {
     "town": "Stamford",
     "distance": 2.2583
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwalk",
     "distance": 2.2782
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterford",
     "distance": 2.2941
    },
    {
     "town": "Westport",
     "distance": 2.3627
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Saybrook",
     "distance": 2.3999
    },
    {
     "town": "Redding",
     "distance": 2.4215
    },
    {
     "town": "Guilford",
     "distance": 2.4457
    },
    {
     "town": "Stonington",
     "distance": 2.5173
    },
    {
     "town": "Orange",
     "distance": 2.6185
    },
    {
     "town": "Ridgefield",
     "distance": 2.6432
    },
    {
     "town": "Farmington",
     "distance": 2.6449
    },
    {
     "town": "New Canaan",
     "distance": 2.659
    },
    {
     "town": "North Haven",
     "distance": 2.7044
    },
    {
     "town": "Newtown",
     "distance": 2.7173
    },
    {
     "town": "Branford",
     "distance": 2.827
    },
    {
     "town": "New Fairfield",
     "distance": 2.8479
    },
    {
     "town": "Oxford",
     "distance": 2.8905
    },
    {
     "town": "Avon",
     "distance": 2.9067
    },
    {
     "town": "Glastonbury",
     "distance": 2.9116
    },
    {
     "town": "Brookfield",
     "distance": 2.9238
    },
    {
     "town": "Southbury",
     "distance": 2.948
    },
    {
     "town": "New Milford",
     "distance": 2.9622
    },
    {
     "town": "Darien",
     "distance": 2.9624
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor",
     "distance": 2.9777
    },
    {
     "town": "Clinton",
     "distance": 3.0273
    },
    {
     "town": "Milford",
     "distance": 3.0302
    },
    {
     "town": "Berlin",
     "distance": 3.0314
    },
    {
     "town": "Wilton",
     "distance": 3.0317
    },
    {
     "town": "East Lyme",
     "distance": 3.0406
    },
    {
     "town": "Shelton",
     "distance": 3.0523
    },
    {
     "town": "Rocky Hill",
     "distance": 3.0679
    },
    {
     "town": "Easton",
     "distance": 3.0771
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethel",
     "distance": 3.0976
    },
    {
     "town": "Cheshire",
     "distance": 3.1063
    },
    {
     "town": "Cromwell",
     "distance": 3.1284
    },
    {
     "town": "Southington",
     "distance": 3.1336
    },
    {
     "town": "Wallingford",
     "distance": 3.1523
    },
    {
     "town": "West Hartford",
     "distance": 3.1537
    },
    {
     "town": "Sherman",
     "distance": 3.1742
    },
    {
     "town": "Stratford",
     "distance": 3.1795
    },
    {
     "town": "Salisbury",
     "distance": 3.21
    },
    {
     "town": "Danbury",
     "distance": 3.2183
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 3.2305
    },
    {
     "town": "Simsbury",
     "distance": 3.2351
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbridge",
     "distance": 3.2467
    },
    {
     "town": "Essex",
     "distance": 3.2583
    },
    {
     "town": "Weston",
     "distance": 3.2942
    },
    {
     "town": "Groton",
     "distance": 3.3089
    },
    {
     "town": "Bloomfield",
     "distance": 3.3097
    },
    {
     "town": "Litchfield",
     "distance": 3.3109
    },
    {
     "town": "North Stonington",
     "distance": 3.3146
    },
    {
     "town": "Westbrook",
     "distance": 3.3151
    },
    {
     "town": "Monroe",
     "distance": 3.3302
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlebury",
     "distance": 3.3478
    },
    {
     "town": "Haddam",
     "distance": 3.3605
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethany",
     "distance": 3.3612
    },
    {
     "town": "Suffield",
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 },
 "target_statewide_percentiles": {
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 }
}