{
 "metadata": {
  "purpose": "Rule-based peer sets for Ashford, derived from published state data by a stated formula rather than selected by hand.",
  "built_by": "Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "recipe": "python Data/fetch_ct_ucoa.py && python Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "input_file": "src/data/ct_ucoa_town_indicators.json",
  "source": "CT Office of Policy and Management — Municipal Fiscal Indicators (Uniform Chart of Accounts program)",
  "dataset_id": "ej6f-y2wf",
  "source_url": "https://data.ct.gov/resource/ej6f-y2wf.json",
  "pulled": "2026-08-25",
  "dataset_last_updated": "2026-03-03",
  "match_year": "FY 22-23 (OPM fiscal_year_end 2023)",
  "rule": "Standardize each variable across all towns (log-transforming the skewed size and wealth variables), then rank towns by Euclidean distance to Ashford in that standardized space. Variables are equally weighted. Nearest 12 are the peer set.",
  "why_logs": "Population, enrollment, and grand list per resident are heavily right-skewed. On raw values a few outlier towns dominate the variance and flatten real differences among mid-sized towns; on logs, the unit of distance becomes 'twice as big', which is the comparison that makes sense here.",
  "weighting_note": "Equal weights are a stated choice, not a fact. They were not tuned to produce a particular list.",
  "wealth_proxy_note": "Equalized net grand list per resident stands in for community wealth: it is the tax base per person restated to full market value, and it is the quantity that constrains what a mill rate can raise. Median household income would be a useful additional variable but the Census ACS API now requires a key.",
  "relationship_to_existing_sets": "Additional, not a replacement. The hand-built sets (Surrounding towns, DRG E) remain in use everywhere they already appear. Where this set and those sets disagree, the disagreement is itself worth showing.",
  "drg_note": "CT SDE District Reference Groups were created in 1996, last reassigned in 2006 on roughly 2000-census inputs, and have not been updated since. They were designed to compare school districts on family demographics — appropriate for education questions, not for municipal operations, and blind to town size.",
  "excluded": [
   "Groton (city)"
  ],
  "dropped_for_missing_data": [],
  "town_count_ranked": 169
 },
 "target": "Ashford",
 "variable_stats": {
  "population": {
   "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 9.392518,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.111223,
   "target_raw": 4229
  },
  "enrollment": {
   "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 7.309335,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.228189,
   "target_raw": 496.87
  },
  "grand_list_per_capita": {
   "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 12.211418,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.467644,
   "target_raw": 123853.473398
  },
  "school_age_share": {
   "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.127697,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.027724,
   "target_raw": 0.117491
  },
  "unemployment": {
   "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.030079,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.00449,
   "target_raw": 0.0337
  }
 },
 "peer_sets": {
  "municipal": {
   "label": "Municipal peers",
   "purpose": "Town-side spending, debt, reserves, and tax comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "population",
     "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    },
    {
     "key": "unemployment",
     "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "Sprague",
    "Thomaston",
    "Putnam",
    "Canterbury",
    "Willington",
    "Beacon Falls",
    "North Canaan",
    "Stafford",
    "Andover",
    "Lisbon",
    "Preston",
    "Portland"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "Sprague",
     "distance": 0.4363
    },
    {
     "town": "Thomaston",
     "distance": 0.5792
    },
    {
     "town": "Putnam",
     "distance": 0.8238
    },
    {
     "town": "Canterbury",
     "distance": 0.841
    },
    {
     "town": "Willington",
     "distance": 0.8922
    },
    {
     "town": "Beacon Falls",
     "distance": 0.9246
    },
    {
     "town": "North Canaan",
     "distance": 0.9438
    },
    {
     "town": "Stafford",
     "distance": 0.9545
    },
    {
     "town": "Andover",
     "distance": 0.9967
    },
    {
     "town": "Lisbon",
     "distance": 1.0112
    },
    {
     "town": "Preston",
     "distance": 1.0724
    },
    {
     "town": "Portland",
     "distance": 1.1482
    },
    {
     "town": "Griswold",
     "distance": 1.1672
    },
    {
     "town": "Brooklyn",
     "distance": 1.1747
    },
    {
     "town": "Winchester",
     "distance": 1.1926
    },
    {
     "town": "Columbia",
     "distance": 1.1951
    },
    {
     "town": "Plymouth",
     "distance": 1.2
    },
    {
     "town": "Thompson",
     "distance": 1.2001
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlefield",
     "distance": 1.2093
    },
    {
     "town": "Lebanon",
     "distance": 1.2202
    },
    {
     "town": "Salem",
     "distance": 1.2631
    },
    {
     "town": "Chaplin",
     "distance": 1.2797
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainfield",
     "distance": 1.3004
    },
    {
     "town": "Prospect",
     "distance": 1.3506
    },
    {
     "town": "Coventry",
     "distance": 1.356
    },
    {
     "town": "Seymour",
     "distance": 1.3885
    },
    {
     "town": "Somers",
     "distance": 1.3974
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haddam",
     "distance": 1.4266
    },
    {
     "town": "East Windsor",
     "distance": 1.4605
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainville",
     "distance": 1.464
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 1.4982
    },
    {
     "town": "Wolcott",
     "distance": 1.5027
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingly",
     "distance": 1.5156
    },
    {
     "town": "Voluntown",
     "distance": 1.5161
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethlehem",
     "distance": 1.5304
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodstock",
     "distance": 1.6104
    },
    {
     "town": "North Branford",
     "distance": 1.6237
    },
    {
     "town": "Derby",
     "distance": 1.633
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingworth",
     "distance": 1.7009
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haven",
     "distance": 1.7017
    },
    {
     "town": "Watertown",
     "distance": 1.7108
    },
    {
     "town": "Pomfret",
     "distance": 1.7207
    },
    {
     "town": "Montville",
     "distance": 1.7493
    },
    {
     "town": "Scotland",
     "distance": 1.7799
    },
    {
     "town": "Bloomfield",
     "distance": 1.7856
    },
    {
     "town": "Eastford",
     "distance": 1.7909
    },
    {
     "town": "Chester",
     "distance": 1.8027
    },
    {
     "town": "Colchester",
     "distance": 1.8127
    },
    {
     "town": "New London",
     "distance": 1.8196
    },
    {
     "town": "Cromwell",
     "distance": 1.8264
    },
    {
     "town": "Franklin",
     "distance": 1.8557
    },
    {
     "town": "Bolton",
     "distance": 1.8654
    },
    {
     "town": "Ansonia",
     "distance": 1.8716
    },
    {
     "town": "Barkhamsted",
     "distance": 1.8837
    },
    {
     "town": "Hebron",
     "distance": 1.8948
    },
    {
     "town": "Vernon",
     "distance": 1.911
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbury",
     "distance": 1.9199
    },
    {
     "town": "Torrington",
     "distance": 1.9216
    },
    {
     "town": "Marlborough",
     "distance": 1.9455
    },
    {
     "town": "Colebrook",
     "distance": 1.9932
    },
    {
     "town": "Canton",
     "distance": 1.9953
    },
    {
     "town": "New Hartford",
     "distance": 1.9968
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hampton",
     "distance": 2.0155
    },
    {
     "town": "Suffield",
     "distance": 2.0393
    },
    {
     "town": "Harwinton",
     "distance": 2.0519
    },
    {
     "town": "Deep River",
     "distance": 2.0552
    },
    {
     "town": "North Stonington",
     "distance": 2.0591
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlebury",
     "distance": 2.0613
    },
    {
     "town": "Ellington",
     "distance": 2.0807
    },
    {
     "town": "Sterling",
     "distance": 2.1096
    },
    {
     "town": "Haddam",
     "distance": 2.1132
    },
    {
     "town": "Naugatuck",
     "distance": 2.1197
    },
    {
     "town": "Enfield",
     "distance": 2.1267
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartland",
     "distance": 2.1276
    },
    {
     "town": "Litchfield",
     "distance": 2.1306
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor",
     "distance": 2.2086
    },
    {
     "town": "Southbury",
     "distance": 2.2101
    },
    {
     "town": "Hampton",
     "distance": 2.2328
    },
    {
     "town": "Berlin",
     "distance": 2.2332
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwich",
     "distance": 2.2373
    },
    {
     "town": "Granby",
     "distance": 2.2381
    },
    {
     "town": "Oxford",
     "distance": 2.2487
    },
    {
     "town": "Burlington",
     "distance": 2.3023
    },
    {
     "town": "Brookfield",
     "distance": 2.3025
    },
    {
     "town": "Ledyard",
     "distance": 2.3119
    },
    {
     "town": "New Milford",
     "distance": 2.3298
    },
    {
     "town": "Wethersfield",
     "distance": 2.3316
    },
    {
     "town": "Rocky Hill",
     "distance": 2.3357
    },
    {
     "town": "Shelton",
     "distance": 2.3378
    },
    {
     "town": "East Lyme",
     "distance": 2.35
    },
    {
     "town": "West Haven",
     "distance": 2.369
    },
    {
     "town": "New Fairfield",
     "distance": 2.3896
    },
    {
     "town": "Newington",
     "distance": 2.4093
    },
    {
     "town": "Bozrah",
     "distance": 2.4181
    },
    {
     "town": "Manchester",
     "distance": 2.4222
    },
    {
     "town": "Groton",
     "distance": 2.4426
    },
    {
     "town": "Middletown",
     "distance": 2.4512
    },
    {
     "town": "North Haven",
     "distance": 2.4707
    },
    {
     "town": "Union",
     "distance": 2.4791
    },
    {
     "town": "Morris",
     "distance": 2.4841
    },
    {
     "town": "East Granby",
     "distance": 2.4849
    },
    {
     "town": "Redding",
     "distance": 2.4852
    },
    {
     "town": "Westbrook",
     "distance": 2.4909
    },
    {
     "town": "Bristol",
     "distance": 2.4916
    },
    {
     "town": "Hamden",
     "distance": 2.4933
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterford",
     "distance": 2.5441
    },
    {
     "town": "Clinton",
     "distance": 2.5446
    },
    {
     "town": "Stratford",
     "distance": 2.5595
    },
    {
     "town": "Wallingford",
     "distance": 2.592
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethel",
     "distance": 2.5983
    },
    {
     "town": "Cheshire",
     "distance": 2.604
    },
    {
     "town": "Canaan",
     "distance": 2.6097
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethany",
     "distance": 2.618
    },
    {
     "town": "Mansfield",
     "distance": 2.6489
    },
    {
     "town": "Windham",
     "distance": 2.6589
    },
    {
     "town": "Tolland",
     "distance": 2.6766
    },
    {
     "town": "Branford",
     "distance": 2.6981
    },
    {
     "town": "Newtown",
     "distance": 2.7034
    },
    {
     "town": "Durham",
     "distance": 2.7044
    },
    {
     "town": "Southington",
     "distance": 2.7119
    },
    {
     "town": "Stonington",
     "distance": 2.7235
    },
    {
     "town": "Easton",
     "distance": 2.82
    },
    {
     "town": "Meriden",
     "distance": 2.857
    },
    {
     "town": "Milford",
     "distance": 2.8714
    },
    {
     "town": "Sherman",
     "distance": 2.8831
    },
    {
     "town": "Guilford",
     "distance": 2.8975
    },
    {
     "town": "Simsbury",
     "distance": 2.9787
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hartford",
     "distance": 3.0017
    },
    {
     "town": "Avon",
     "distance": 3.0348
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Lyme",
     "distance": 3.0411
    },
    {
     "town": "Monroe",
     "distance": 3.0465
    },
    {
     "town": "Norfolk",
     "distance": 3.0824
    },
    {
     "town": "Madison",
     "distance": 3.1367
    },
    {
     "town": "Essex",
     "distance": 3.1479
    },
    {
     "town": "New Haven",
     "distance": 3.1662
    },
    {
     "town": "Danbury",
     "distance": 3.172
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbridge",
     "distance": 3.2173
    },
    {
     "town": "Orange",
     "distance": 3.2305
    },
    {
     "town": "Trumbull",
     "distance": 3.2311
    },
    {
     "town": "Goshen",
     "distance": 3.2443
    },
    {
     "town": "Farmington",
     "distance": 3.2611
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Saybrook",
     "distance": 3.308
    },
    {
     "town": "West Hartford",
     "distance": 3.365
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwalk",
     "distance": 3.4106
    },
    {
     "town": "Lyme",
     "distance": 3.4139
    },
    {
     "town": "Kent",
     "distance": 3.4153
    },
    {
     "town": "Fairfield",
     "distance": 3.4511
    },
    {
     "town": "New Britain",
     "distance": 3.4981
    },
    {
     "town": "Glastonbury",
     "distance": 3.5174
    },
    {
     "town": "South Windsor",
     "distance": 3.5466
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgeport",
     "distance": 3.5732
    },
    {
     "town": "Warren",
     "distance": 3.6676
    },
    {
     "town": "Stamford",
     "distance": 3.8499
    },
    {
     "town": "Ridgefield",
     "distance": 3.8817
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgewater",
     "distance": 3.9148
    },
    {
     "town": "Cornwall",
     "distance": 4.0417
    },
    {
     "town": "Salisbury",
     "distance": 4.0606
    },
    {
     "town": "Weston",
     "distance": 4.6052
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartford",
     "distance": 4.6106
    },
    {
     "town": "Washington",
     "distance": 4.6419
    },
    {
     "town": "Wilton",
     "distance": 4.6674
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterbury",
     "distance": 4.7245
    },
    {
     "town": "Roxbury",
     "distance": 4.731
    },
    {
     "town": "Greenwich",
     "distance": 4.9314
    },
    {
     "town": "Sharon",
     "distance": 4.9895
    },
    {
     "town": "New Canaan",
     "distance": 5.0755
    },
    {
     "town": "Westport",
     "distance": 5.1819
    },
    {
     "town": "Darien",
     "distance": 5.5237
    }
   ]
  },
  "school": {
   "label": "School peers",
   "purpose": "Education spending comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "enrollment",
     "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "Sprague",
    "Sterling",
    "Andover",
    "Beacon Falls",
    "Thomaston",
    "Canterbury",
    "Columbia",
    "Willington",
    "Salem",
    "Middlefield",
    "Putnam",
    "Lisbon"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "Sprague",
     "distance": 0.3768
    },
    {
     "town": "Sterling",
     "distance": 0.3911
    },
    {
     "town": "Andover",
     "distance": 0.3966
    },
    {
     "town": "Beacon Falls",
     "distance": 0.4264
    },
    {
     "town": "Thomaston",
     "distance": 0.5482
    },
    {
     "town": "Canterbury",
     "distance": 0.565
    },
    {
     "town": "Columbia",
     "distance": 0.5788
    },
    {
     "town": "Willington",
     "distance": 0.6276
    },
    {
     "town": "Salem",
     "distance": 0.7489
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlefield",
     "distance": 0.767
    },
    {
     "town": "Putnam",
     "distance": 0.7714
    },
    {
     "town": "Lisbon",
     "distance": 0.8525
    },
    {
     "town": "Winchester",
     "distance": 0.8582
    },
    {
     "town": "Derby",
     "distance": 0.8733
    },
    {
     "town": "North Canaan",
     "distance": 0.9005
    },
    {
     "town": "Stafford",
     "distance": 0.9055
    },
    {
     "town": "Plymouth",
     "distance": 0.9062
    },
    {
     "town": "Portland",
     "distance": 0.9315
    },
    {
     "town": "Voluntown",
     "distance": 0.9341
    },
    {
     "town": "Chaplin",
     "distance": 0.9588
    },
    {
     "town": "Pomfret",
     "distance": 0.9681
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingworth",
     "distance": 0.9692
    },
    {
     "town": "Barkhamsted",
     "distance": 0.9849
    },
    {
     "town": "Thompson",
     "distance": 0.9853
    },
    {
     "town": "Somers",
     "distance": 0.9912
    },
    {
     "town": "Lebanon",
     "distance": 1.0282
    },
    {
     "town": "New Hartford",
     "distance": 1.0349
    },
    {
     "town": "Preston",
     "distance": 1.0398
    },
    {
     "town": "Scotland",
     "distance": 1.0408
    },
    {
     "town": "Durham",
     "distance": 1.0433
    },
    {
     "town": "Hebron",
     "distance": 1.122
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haddam",
     "distance": 1.1586
    },
    {
     "town": "Griswold",
     "distance": 1.1839
    },
    {
     "town": "Harwinton",
     "distance": 1.2064
    },
    {
     "town": "Montville",
     "distance": 1.2246
    },
    {
     "town": "Brooklyn",
     "distance": 1.2285
    },
    {
     "town": "East Windsor",
     "distance": 1.2297
    },
    {
     "town": "Coventry",
     "distance": 1.2393
    },
    {
     "town": "Bozrah",
     "distance": 1.2428
    },
    {
     "town": "North Branford",
     "distance": 1.2528
    },
    {
     "town": "Deep River",
     "distance": 1.2566
    },
    {
     "town": "Eastford",
     "distance": 1.2671
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainfield",
     "distance": 1.2853
    },
    {
     "town": "Haddam",
     "distance": 1.297
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingly",
     "distance": 1.2992
    },
    {
     "town": "Bolton",
     "distance": 1.306
    },
    {
     "town": "Prospect",
     "distance": 1.3236
    },
    {
     "town": "Seymour",
     "distance": 1.3506
    },
    {
     "town": "Ansonia",
     "distance": 1.3582
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainville",
     "distance": 1.361
    },
    {
     "town": "Chester",
     "distance": 1.3885
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodstock",
     "distance": 1.4008
    },
    {
     "town": "Suffield",
     "distance": 1.4422
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartland",
     "distance": 1.4486
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 1.4503
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbury",
     "distance": 1.466
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hampton",
     "distance": 1.4701
    },
    {
     "town": "Wolcott",
     "distance": 1.4818
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haven",
     "distance": 1.4982
    },
    {
     "town": "Marlborough",
     "distance": 1.5004
    },
    {
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    {
     "town": "West Haven",
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   ]
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 },
 "target_statewide_percentiles": {
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   "percentile": 76.9,
   "statewide_median": 0.2055
  }
 }
}